综合利用理论推导和流变实验方法对触变性含蜡原油的等温胶凝过程进行了详细的研究, 采用结构参数法建立了静态结构恢复模型, 并经实验结果证明该模型对多种原油的结构变化曲线均有较高的拟合精度. 同时以青海原油为例, 根据实验数据和拟合参数分析了含蜡原油等温胶凝过程特性. 结果表明, 随着温度的升高、预剪切速率的增大以及预剪切时间的增加, 原油在恒温静止过程中形成的结构强度均会减弱. 测量温度越高, 预剪切时间越长, 则原油的结构参数变化速率越大; 而预剪切速率越高, 原油结构参数变化速率在初始阶段越大, 在最终阶段反而越小, 但与未经剪切油样相比, 原油受剪切后其结构参数变化速率在整个测量时间范围内均偏大.

The isothermal gelling process of thixotropic waxy crude oil was studied by using a combination of a rheological method and theoretical derivation. A model was established by using a structure parameter method, which has been proved to fit well with the experimental data of four different waxy crude oils; and by taking Qinghai waxy crude oil for example, the properties of isothermal gelling process were analyzed by both experimental data and correlation coefficient of the fitting curves. The results show that the increase of temperature, pre-shear rate and pre-shear time all can result in the weaker structure of waxy crude oil. And the changing rate of structure parameter (dλ/dt) increases with increasing the test temperature and pre-shear time; while the higher the pre-shear rate is, the higher the initial dλ/dt is and the smaller the final dλ/dt is, but the dλ/dt values for the waxy crude oils with pre-shear are all higher than those of the oil without pre-shear all the time.