Interficial Engineering of Lithium Metal Anode for Sulfide Solid State Batteries

doi:10.6023/A22040144

Acta Chimica Sinica ›› 2022, Vol. 80 ›› Issue (9): 1264-1268.DOI: 10.6023/A22040144 Previous Articles Next Articles

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锂金属负极界面修饰及其在硫化物全固态电池中的应用

梁世硕^a^,^b, 康树森^b^,^*(), 杨东^a, 胡建华^a

a 聚合物分子工程国家重点实验室复旦大学高分子科学系上海 200438
b 欣旺达电动汽车电池有限公司深圳 518107

投稿日期:2022-04-01 发布日期:2022-05-22
通讯作者: 康树森
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(51773042); 国家自然科学基金(51973040)

Interficial Engineering of Lithium Metal Anode for Sulfide Solid State Batteries

Shishuo Liang^a^,^b, Shusen Kang^b(), Dong Yang^a, Jianhua Hu^a

a State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
b Sunwoda Electric Vehicle Battery Company, Shenzhen 518107, China

Received:2022-04-01 Published:2022-05-22
Contact: Shusen Kang
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(51773042); National Natural Science Foundation of China(51973040)

Lithium metal anode is recognized as the “Holy Grail” electrode because of its high specific capacity (3860 mAh/g) and low reduction potential (–3.04 V vs. standard hydrogen electrode), which is meaningful for batteries systems. Remarkable improvement of ionic conductivity of sulfide electrolyte exceeding 10 mS/cm at room temperature has opened up the opportunity to realized the commercialization of lithium metal anode. However, the practical implement of Li anode in solid-state batteries is hundered by the poor cycle stability and the low energy efficiency stemming from the unstable interfaces due to the ultrahigh reactivity of lithium metal. At the anode interface, the lithium dendrite growth and solid electrolytes (SE) reduction by lithium metal are serious challenges for lithium metal anode. To suppress the interfacial reactions and lithium dendrite formation at the sulfide electrolyte/Li metal anode interface, various strategies have been implemented by researchers, such as in situ formed robust SEI (solid electrolyte interface), surface modification and SE modification, etc. In this article, we focus on the artificial solid electrolyte interface (ASEI) to strengthening the Li metal and solid electrolyte interface. We fabricate the uniform LiF-rich ASEI using CF₃(CF₂)₃OCH₃ by heating at a temperature of 150 ℃ for 6 h. LiF layer at the interface between Li and sulfide electroyte could prevent Li dendrite growth. Compared to the Li/sulfide electrolyte interface, the Li/LiF/sulfide electrolyte interface is more stable. The symmetrical cell LiF@Li//Li₆PS₅Cl//LiF@Li (LiF@Li//LPSCl//LiF@Li) does not short-circuit after 40 cycles at the current density of 0.1 mAh/cm² with a lower polarization potential. A solid-state battery LiNbO₂@LiCoO₂//LPSCl//LiF@Li (LNO@LCO//LPSCl//LiF@Li) employing LiF coated Li metal as anode shows a high reversible discharge capacity of 138.4 mAh/g at 0.05 C and retains 110.9 mAh/g after 50 cycles. This interficial engineering for lithium metal and sulfide solid electrolyte provides new opportunity to commercialize the Li metal batteries.

Key words: interfacial engineering, sulfide solid electrolyte, LiF artificial solid electrolyte interface, lithium metal anode, solid-state battery

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Shishuo Liang, Shusen Kang, Dong Yang, Jianhua Hu. Interficial Engineering of Lithium Metal Anode for Sulfide Solid State Batteries[J]. Acta Chimica Sinica, 2022, 80(9): 1264-1268.

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Fig. & Tab. 6

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of the process for the surface coating of LiF on Li anode

Figure 2. (A) and (B) SEM images of Li, (C) photo of LiF@Li, (D) and (E) SEM images of LiF@Li, (F) F element mapping on the surface of LiF@Li

Figure 3. XRD patterns of the LiF@Li and Li

Figure 4. (A) Normalized voltages of Li//LPSCl//Li and LiF@Li// LPSCl//LiF@Li symmetrical cells as a function of time during Li plating/ stripping. (B) EIS curves of Li//LPSCl//Li and LiF@Li//LPSCl//LiF@Li

Figure 5. Charge and discharge curves of LNO@LCO//LPSCl//Li (A) and LNO@LCO//LPSCl//LiF@Li (B)

Figure 6. (A) Discharge capacity of LNO@LCO//LPSCl//LiF@Li at different rates, (B) cycling performance of LNO@LCO//LPSCl//Li and LNO@LCO//LPSCl//LiF@Li

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锂金属负极界面修饰及其在硫化物全固态电池中的应用

Interficial Engineering of Lithium Metal Anode for Sulfide Solid State Batteries

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