Application Progress of Emerging Janus Particles for Oil-Water Separation★

doi:10.6023/A23050204

Acta Chimica Sinica ›› 2023, Vol. 81 ›› Issue (9): 1187-1195.DOI: 10.6023/A23050204 Previous Articles Next Articles

Special Issue: 庆祝《化学学报》创刊90周年合辑

Perspective

新兴Janus颗粒在油水分离中的应用进展^★

王端达^a^,^b, 沈欣怡^a^,^b, 宋永杨^a^,^b^,^*(), 王树涛^a^,^b^,^*()

a 中国科学院理化技术研究所北京 100190
b 中国科学院大学北京 100049

投稿日期:2023-05-05 发布日期:2023-06-29

作者简介:

王端达, 中国科学院理化技术研究所在读博士生, 2018年于美国普渡大学获得化学专业理学学士学位, 2020年于英国华威大学获得高分子与分析化学专业硕士学位. 目前的研究方向为聚合物微纳颗粒的合成及其在环境污染物处理领域的应用.

沈欣怡, 中国科学院理化技术研究所在读博士生, 2020年于吉林大学获得化学专业理学学士学位. 目前的研究方向为聚合物微球的合成及其在生物分子分离中的应用.

宋永杨, 中国科学院理化技术研究所研究员, 2012年于武汉理工大学获得无机非金属材料工程专业学士学位, 2015年于同校获得材料学硕士学位, 2019年于中国科学院理化技术研究所获得物理化学博士学位. 目前的研究兴趣为微纳颗粒材料的设计和合成、生物分离应用.

王树涛, 中国科学院理化技术研究所研究员, 2007年博士毕业于中国科学院化学研究所, 师从江雷院士. 研究方向为仿生多尺度粘附可控界面材料的设计, 对自然中存在的特殊界面粘附现象与机制进行探索并设计与制备仿生多尺度界面材料, 进一步应用于医疗健康、能源、环境、信息等领域.

^★庆祝《化学学报》创刊90周年.

基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2022YFA1206900); 国家重点研发计划(2019YFA0709300); 国家自然科学基金(22035008); 中国科学院重点研究计划(XDPB24); 中国科学院国际伙伴计划(1A1111KYSB20200010)

Application Progress of Emerging Janus Particles for Oil-Water Separation^★

Duanda Wang^a^,^b, Xinyi Shen^a^,^b, Yongyang Song^a^,^b(), Shutao Wang^a^,^b()

a Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190
b University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049

Received:2023-05-05 Published:2023-06-29
Contact: *E-mail: yysong@mail.ipc.ac.cn;stwang@mail.ipc.ac.cn
About author:
^★Dedicated to the 90th anniversary of Acta Chimica Sinica.
Supported by:
The National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFA1206900); The National Key R&D Program of China(2019YFA0709300); National Natural Science Foundation of China(22035008); Key Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDPB24); International Partnership Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(1A1111KYSB20200010)

Janus particles are micro-nano materials with anisotropic surface chemical properties, exhibiting unique advantages in emulsion stabilization, interfacial adsorption, and selective wetting. The high interfacial activity of Janus particles makes them widely used in oil-water separation research and shows broad application prospects in environmental protection and other fields. In this perspective, we summarize the research progress of emerging Janus particles in preparation, properties, and oil-water separation applications in recent years. We focus on discussing the influence of different preparation strategies and morphologies of Janus particles on their interfacial properties, summarize the mechanism of particle assembly and aggregation at interface, and introduce various Janus particles with reversible responsive properties. Finally, we prospect the challenges and future development directions of Janus particles in oil-water separation, such as green synthesis, large-scale preparation, in-depth mechanism research, and applications in aspects such as micro-oil droplet removal, crude oil treatment, and controllable responsive separation.

Key words: Janus particles, oil-water separation, oil-water interfacial, emulsification, demusification

Cite this article

Duanda Wang, Xinyi Shen, Yongyang Song, Shutao Wang. Application Progress of Emerging Janus Particles for Oil-Water Separation^★[J]. Acta Chimica Sinica, 2023, 81(9): 1187-1195.

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Fig. & Tab. 9

Figure 1. Janus particles for oil-water separation

Janus颗粒类型	形状	亲水端	疏水端	油水分离机制
CMC/EC@Fe₃O₄ Janus球^[11]	球状	EC	CMC	磁响应
NH₂@Fe₃O₄ Janus球^[14]	球状	-NH₂	Fe₃O₄	磁响应
JSPs^[15]	球状	-OH@SiO₂	-Si-(CH₃)₁₈-CH₂	磁响应, 分散剂
J-HSMPs^[16]	球状	-OH@SiO₂	-Si-(CH₃)₁₀-CH₂	团聚, 浮选
SiO₂/PAA-b-PS Janus球^[17]	球状	-NH₂@SiO₂	PS	膜分离
GO-A片^[19]	片状	GO边缘	-D2000单侧平面	破乳剂
JGO片^[20]	片状	GO边缘	-C₈H₁₆单侧平面	破乳剂
NH₂/PS@SiO₂片^[21]	片状	-NH₂@SiO₂	PS@SiO₂	磁响应, 过滤
SiO₂ Janus片^[22]	片状	-OH@SiO₂	-O-CH₃@SiO₂	pH响应, 磁响应
ETPTA/WAX Janus颗粒^[23]	哑铃状	ETPTA	Wax	温度响应
NIPAM/OA@Fe₃O₄颗粒^[24]	降落伞状	NIPAM	OA	磁响应, 热响应
PSDVB⊃PAA^[25]	新月状	PAA凹陷	PSDVB外壳	磁响应, 油滴抓取
P(AA-MPSQ-St)颗粒^[26]	新月状	PAA外壳	PS内陷	破乳剂
P(MMA-AA-DVB)/Fe₃O₄^[27]	雪人状	P(MMA-AA-DVB)大球	Fe₃O₄小球	磁响应
P(MMA-AA-DVB)/Fe₃O₄^[28]	树莓状	P(MMA-AA-DVB)大球	Fe₃O₄小球	磁响应, pH响应

Table 1. Janus particles for oil-water separation by their interfacial activity

Figure 2. Janus particles with different topologies and their arrangements at oil-water interface. a) sphere, b) sheet, c) dumbbell, and d) crescent. The schematic of particles, photo and schematics of oil droplets stabilized by Janus particles[15,20,22,24], and particle arrangement schematics at oil-water interface. Reproduced with permission from ref. [15]. Copyright 2019 Elsevier. Reproduced with permission from ref. [20]. Copyright 2011, Wiley. Reproduced with permission from ref. [22]. Copyright 2020, Wiley. Reproduced with permission from ref. [24]. Copyright 2018, Wiley

Figure 3. Other Janus particles for oil-water separation. These materials can achieve oil-water separation by absorbing oil droplets[28-29,31?-33], self-propelling[34-35], waterproof coatings[36], and in-situ degradation[30,37-38]

Janus颗粒类型	形状	亲水端	疏水端	油水分离机制
NH₂/PS@SiO₂^[29]	单孔空心球	-NH₂	PS	捕获油滴
Janus笼^[30]	多孔空心球	-OH@SiO₂	DVB	捕获油滴
Janus笼^[30]	多孔空心球	-OH@SiO₂	PNIPAM	捕获油滴, 热响应
TiO₂/PEG^[31]	多孔空心球	PEG	TiO₂@OHC-PEG-CHO	捕获油滴, 催化降解
PEG-PNIPMA球^[32]	多孔空心球	PEG@SiO₂	PNIPMA brush	捕获油滴, 热响应
PEG-PDEAEMA球^[32]	多孔空心球	PEG@SiO₂	PDEAEMA brush	捕获油滴, pH响应
Janus笼^[33]	多孔空心球	PEO@SiO₂	PNIPAM	捕获油滴, 温度响应
3D MoS₂/rGO^[34]	网络状颗粒	rGO	MoS₂	捕获油滴
MnFe₂O₄@OA微马达^[35]	单孔空心球	MnFe₂O₄	OA	磁响应, 自驱动吸附油滴
MnFe₂O₄@OA/PS球^[36]	类球状	MnFe₂O₄	PS	磁响应, 催化降解

Table 2. Janus particles for oil-water separation by other mechanisms

Figure 4. Mechanisms of Janus particles arranged at the oil-water interface. a) The relationship between particle desorption energy and three-phase contact angle (up)[40] and size (down)[41]. b) The arrangement of particles with different morphologies at the interface. c) The distortion of spherical Janus particles at the interface. d) The effect of the three-dimensional size of sheet-shaped Janus particles on the interfacial arrangement[44]. e) The effect of the aspect ratio and wettability of dumbbell-shaped Janus particles on their arrangement at the oil-water interface[45]. f) The effect of the topological structure of crescent-shaped and hemisphere-shaped Janus particles on the reduction of free energy at the oil-water interface[24]. Reproduced with permission from ref. [24]. Copyright 2018, Wiley. Reproduced with permission from ref. [40]. Copyright 2000, American Chemical Society. Reproduced with permission from ref. [41]. Copyright 2002, Elsevier. Reproduced with permission from ref. [44]. Copyright 2013, American Chemical Society. Reproduced with permission from ref. [45]. Copyright 2011, American Chemical Society

Figure 5. The application of responsive Janus particles in oil-water separation. a) Shape-changing Janus particles with pH responsive[46]. b) Mushroom shaped Janus particles with pH and temperature response[48]. c) Magnetic responsive Janus particles, including crescent[24], spherical[11], and sheet shape[21]. Reproduced with permission from ref. [11]. Copyright 2019, Elsevier. Reproduced with permission from ref. [21]. Copyright 2022, Elsevier. Reproduced with permission from ref. [24]. Copyright 2018, Wiley. Reproduced with permission from ref. [46]. Copyright 2014, American Chemical Society. Reproduced with permission from ref. [48]. Copyright 2010, American Chemical Society

合成方法	Janus颗粒形貌	优点	缺点	文献
表面选择性修饰	表面性质不同的Janus球状、片状颗粒	方法成熟、易于调控	产量低、合成过程污染大	[11⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓⇓-19,36-37]
溶胶-凝胶	内外性质不同的Janus空心颗粒	方法便捷、易于调控	油滴吸附量较小	[28⇓⇓⇓-32]
机械破碎	两侧性质不同的Janus片状颗粒	方法便捷、产量高	难以实现响应性调控	[20-21]
微流体合成	球状、哑铃状等	稳定大油滴性能好	不利于分离小油滴	[22]
种子乳液聚合	新月状、半花椰菜状等	易于调控形貌与表面性质	合成过程污染大	[24,48]
纳米颗粒直接负载	降落伞状、树莓状、雪人状等	方法便捷、易实现响应性	颗粒均一性差、小颗粒易从界面脱附	[23,26-27]

Table 3. The morphologies and advantages and disadvantages of Janus particles by different synthesis methods

Figure 6. Perspective to the unsolved problems for Janus particles in future research and potential application situations. Establishing green synthesis and large-scale production methods, conducting deeper mechanism and model research, and extending the applications to various field that fully exerts the advantages

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新兴Janus颗粒在油水分离中的应用进展^★

Application Progress of Emerging Janus Particles for Oil-Water Separation^★

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新兴Janus颗粒在油水分离中的应用进展★

Application Progress of Emerging Janus Particles for Oil-Water Separation★

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新兴Janus颗粒在油水分离中的应用进展^★

Application Progress of Emerging Janus Particles for Oil-Water Separation^★