Synthesis and Properties Study of Novel Branched Fluorinated Surfactants with CF3CF2CF2C(CF3)2 Group

doi:10.6023/A15030174

Acta Chim. Sinica ›› 2015, Vol. 73 ›› Issue (5): 395-402.DOI: 10.6023/A15030174 Previous Articles Next Articles

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含CF₃CF₂CF₂C(CF₃)₂基团支链型氟表面活性剂的合成及性能研究

沙敏^a,b, 张丁^b, 潘仁明^b, 邢萍^a, 姜标^a,b

a 中国科学院上海有机化学研究所天然产物有机合成化学重点实验室上海市徐汇区零陵路345号 200032;
b 南京理工大学化工学院江苏省南京市玄武区孝陵卫200号 210094

投稿日期:2015-03-13 发布日期:2015-04-08
通讯作者: 姜标 E-mail:jiangb@sioc.ac.cn

Synthesis and Properties Study of Novel Branched Fluorinated Surfactants with CF₃CF₂CF₂C(CF₃)₂ Group

Sha Min^a,b, Zhang Ding^b, Pan Renming^b, Xing Ping^a, Jiang Biao^a,b

a CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032;
b School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei, Nanjing 210094

Received:2015-03-13 Published:2015-04-08

1. Synthesis and Properties Study of Novel Branched Fluorinated Surfactants with CF₃CF₂CF₂C(CF₃)₂ Group.PDF(1509KB)

Abstract

Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulphonate (PFOS) were listed under Stockholm convention on persistent organic pollutants owing to their poor biodegradability and toxic effects in the environment, so various strategies were reported for synthesizing non-bioaccumulable alternatives to them. Herein, we described our recent strategies for synthesis of non-bioaccumulable fluorinated surfactants by introducing branched perfluorinated chain using perfluoro-2-methyl-2-pentene as starting material. Novel branched fluorinated cationic, gemini and amphoteric surfactants were designed and prepared through a four-step route. They all have low solubility in water and exhibit poor ability to reduce the surface tension of water. A series of branched fluorinated nonionic surfactants with different length of hydrophilic chains were synthesized via a three-step route. The solubility becomes larger with the increase of the value of polymerization degree of polyethylene glycol. But, the surface tension measurement results show that their ability and efficiency to reduce the surface tension of water change little when the value of polymerization degree of polyethylene glycol is equal to or greater than 4. All the values of surface activities of the novel 20～22 surfactants (take the compound 20 for example, about 21.4 mN/m at the cmc 4.4×10^-5 mol/L) are lower than that of sodium perfluorooctanoate (about 24.7 mN/m at the cmc 3.1×10^-2 mol/L). Methyl-benzenesulfonic acid (compound 23) was synthesized through a two-step route. Both the steps are easy work-up, mild reaction conditions, low cost and high yields. The surfactant exhibits excellent ability to reduce the surface tension of water to 20.8 mN/m. Besides, it has good salt-resistance. The acute toxicity of 20 was investigated and the result shows that the acute oral toxicity LD₅₀ Value of the compound 20 was 3160 mg/kg which is higher than that of ammonium perfluorooctanoate (C₇F₁₅COONH₄, 470～540 mg/kg). So preparing branched fluorinated surfactants using hexafluoropropylene (HFPD) is a simple, economical and environmentally friendly method for synthesis of alternatives to PFOA and PFOS.

Key words: perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluoro-2-methyl-2-pentene, branched fluorinated surfactant, surface tension, critical micelle concentration, acute toxicity

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Sha Min, Zhang Ding, Pan Renming, Xing Ping, Jiang Biao. Synthesis and Properties Study of Novel Branched Fluorinated Surfactants with CF₃CF₂CF₂C(CF₃)₂ Group[J]. Acta Chim. Sinica, 2015, 73(5): 395-402.

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含CF₃CF₂CF₂C(CF₃)₂基团支链型氟表面活性剂的合成及性能研究

Synthesis and Properties Study of Novel Branched Fluorinated Surfactants with CF₃CF₂CF₂C(CF₃)₂ Group

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含CF3CF2CF2C(CF3)2基团支链型氟表面活性剂的合成及性能研究