Research on the Preparation and Potassium Storage Performance of F, N Co-doped Porous Carbon Nanosheets

doi:10.6023/A22120494

Acta Chimica Sinica ›› 2023, Vol. 81 ›› Issue (4): 319-327.DOI: 10.6023/A22120494 Previous Articles Next Articles

Article

氟氮共掺杂多孔碳纳米片的制备及其储钾性能研究

蒋江民^a^,^b, 郑欣冉^a, 孟雅婷^a, 贺文杰^d, 陈亚鑫^a, 庄全超^a, 袁加仁^c^,^*(), 鞠治成^a^,^*(), 张校刚^b^,^*()

a 中国矿业大学材料与物理学院徐州 221116
b 南京航空航天大学材料科学与技术学院南京 211106
c 南昌大学物理与材料学院南昌 330038
d 河南理工大学材料科学与工程学院焦作 454003

投稿日期:2022-12-12 发布日期:2023-03-28
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(22209204); 国家自然科学基金(22279162); 国家自然科学基金(21975283); 江苏省自然科学基金(BK20221140); 中国博士后科学基金(2022M713364)

Research on the Preparation and Potassium Storage Performance of F, N Co-doped Porous Carbon Nanosheets

Jiangmin Jiang^a^,^b, Xinran Zheng^a, Yating Meng^a, Wenjie He^d, Yaxin Chen^a, Quanchao Zhuang^a, Jiaren Yuan^c^,^*(), Zhicheng Ju^a^,^*(), Xiaogang Zhang^b^,^*()

a School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
b School of Material Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, China
c School of Physics and Materials, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330038, China
d School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454003, China

Received:2022-12-12 Published:2023-03-28
Contact: * E-mail: jryuan@ncu.edu.cn; juzc@cumt.edu.cn; azhangxg@nuaa.edu.cn
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(22209204); National Natural Science Foundation of China(22279162); National Natural Science Foundation of China(21975283); Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20221140); China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2022M713364)

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Abstract

Potassium-ion capacitor (PIC) is a new type of electrochemical energy storage device, and carbon-based materials are considered as one of the most promising candidate anode materials for K⁺ storage. However, the migration rate of K⁺ is slow and the material structure is easy to be damaged during the intercalation and de-intercalation processes because the K⁺ has a larger radius, resulting in a significant decline in performance. Therefore, the development of low-cost carbon materials to meet the thermodynamic and kinetic requirements of K⁺ diffusion has become the bottleneck of current development. In this work, the F and N co-doped porous carbon nanosheets (FNCPC) were prepared by direct high-temperature carbonization, in which the low-cost coal pitch as the carbon source, polytetrafluoroethylene as the fluorine source and sodium chloride as the template agent. The structure design of the nanosheet effectively shortens the transport path of ions, and the co-doping of F and N widens the layer spacing of carbon, alleviates the volume expansion problem, and also forms more surface defects, which provides more reactive sites for K⁺ storage. In addition, electrochemical kinetic analysis and density functional theory (DFT) show that the FNCPC has remarkable pseudocapacitance characteristics and strong K adsorption energy. Benefiting from the synergistic optimization of structure and chemical properties, the FNCPC anode exhibits excellent potassium storage capacity (a high specific capacity of 212.8 mAh•g^-1 at 2 A•g^-1) and good cyclic stability. Furthermore, the PIC (AC//FNCPC) was constructed by using commercial activated carbon (AC) as cathode electrode and FNCPC as anode electrode, which delivers a maximum energy density of 87.5 Wh•kg^-1, and has a capacity retention rate of 86.1% after 3000 cycles, showing a very broad application prospect.

Key words: potassium-ion capacitor, carbon nanosheet, coal tar pitch, fluorine nitrogen co-doping, adsorption energy

Cite this article

Jiangmin Jiang, Xinran Zheng, Yating Meng, Wenjie He, Yaxin Chen, Quanchao Zhuang, Jiaren Yuan, Zhicheng Ju, Xiaogang Zhang. Research on the Preparation and Potassium Storage Performance of F, N Co-doped Porous Carbon Nanosheets[J]. Acta Chimica Sinica, 2023, 81(4): 319-327.

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Fig. & Tab. 5

Figure 1. SEM images of (a) CPC, (b) NCPC, (c) FCPC and (d) FNCPC. (e, f) TEM images of FNCPC and the corresponding (g) C, (h) O, (i) N and (j) F elemental mapping

Figure 2. (a) XRD patterns and (b) Raman spectra of the CPC, NCPC, FCPC and FNCPC. High-resolution XPS spectra of (c) C 1s, (d) N 1s and (e) F 1s of the FNCPC. (f) N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms and pore diameter distribution of the FNCPC

Figure 3. (a, b) CV curves, (c) Nyquist curves, and (d, e) charge-discharge curves of CPC and FNCPC. (f) Rate performance and (g, h) cycling stability of the coal tar pitch-derived carbon materials

Figure 4. (a) CV curves, (b) b value fitted curves, (c) pseudocapacitance contribution ratios, and (d) the pseudocapacitance contribution at 2 mV?s-1 for the FNCPC. DFT calculations with the models of (e) PCs, (f) NCs, (g) FCs and (h) FNCs, respectively. Charge density difference of a K atom adsorbed on (i) PCs, (j) NCs, (k) FCs and (l) FNCs, respectively. Green and Yellow areas represent increased and decreased charge differences (brown, blue, red and purple balls represent the C, N, F and K atoms)

Figure 5. (a) Schematic illustration of the assembled device, (b) CV curves, (c) charge-discharge curves, (d) energy-power density curves, and (e) cycling performance of the constructed PIC (AC//FNCPC)

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氟氮共掺杂多孔碳纳米片的制备及其储钾性能研究

Research on the Preparation and Potassium Storage Performance of F, N Co-doped Porous Carbon Nanosheets

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