Efficient and Stable RuOx/Ti Bifunctional Electrocatalyst for Acidic Oxygen Evolution and Hydrogen Evolution Reactions

doi:10.6023/A26010017

Acta Chimica Sinica ›› 2026, Vol. 84 ›› Issue (6): 849-858.DOI: 10.6023/A26010017 Previous Articles Next Articles

Article

高效稳定的RuO_x/Ti双功能电催化剂用于酸性析氢与析氧反应

谢颂恒^a^,^b^,^c, 林怡然^a^,^b^,^c, 袁亚龙^b, 陈瑶^b, 温珍海^b^,^c, 黄钧衡^a^,^b^,^c^,^*()

^a 福州大学化学学院福州 350108
^b 中国科学院福建物质结构研究所福建省氢能材料与技术重点实验室福州 350002
^c 中国科学院大学福建学院福州 350002

投稿日期:2026-01-14 发布日期:2026-04-27
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFE0115900); 国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFA1507101); 国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFA1501500); 国家自然科学基金(22225902); 国家自然科学基金(U22A20436); 中国科学院海西研究院自主部署项目研究计划(CXZX-2022-GH04); 中国科学院海西研究院自主部署项目研究计划(CXZX-2023-JQ08); 福州市科技计划项目(2023-P-009); 福建省STS 项目(2024T3016)

Efficient and Stable RuO_x/Ti Bifunctional Electrocatalyst for Acidic Oxygen Evolution and Hydrogen Evolution Reactions

Songheng Xie^a^,^b^,^c, Yiran Lin^a^,^b^,^c, Yalong Yuan^b, Yao Chen^b, Zhenhai Wen^b^,^c, Junheng Huang^a^,^b^,^c^,^*()

^a College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
^b State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials and Techniques toward Hydrogen Energy, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
^c Fujian College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China

Received:2026-01-14 Published:2026-04-27
Contact: *E-mail: huangjunheng@fjirsm.ac.cn
Supported by:
National Key Research & Development Program of China(2022YFE0115900); National Key Research & Development Program of China(2023YFA1507101); National Key Research & Development Program of China(2021YFA1501500); National Natural Science Foundation of China(22225902); National Natural Science Foundation of China(U22A20436); Self-deployment Project Research Program of Haixi Institutes, Chinese Academy of Sciences(CXZX-2022-GH04); Self-deployment Project Research Program of Haixi Institutes, Chinese Academy of Sciences(CXZX-2023-JQ08); Science and Technology Program of Fuzhou(2023-P-009); STS program of Fujian Province(2024T3016)

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Abstract

The large-scale application of proton exchange membrane water electrolysis technology is constrained by the high cost and insufficient stability of noble metal catalysts. To address this, this study employed a simple spray‑oxidation method to in situ fabricate a bifunctional catalyst, RuO_x/Ti, with an ultralow ruthenium loading on an acid‑resistant titanium felt substrate. In this catalyst, Ru‑based nanoparticles are uniformly anchored on the three‑dimensional porous titanium skeleton, and the surface is rich in oxygen vacancies. Electrochemical tests demonstrate that RuO_x/Ti exhibits excellent activity for both the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in acidic electrolyte: at a current density of 10 mA•cm^-², the overpotential is only 208 mV for OER and as low as 36 mV for HER. Furthermore, the catalyst shows outstanding long‑term stability during continuous OER and HER testing, with Faraday efficiencies exceeding 95% for both reactions. Further investigation reveals that its superior catalytic activity and stability originate from the modulation of the catalyst's electronic structure by abundant oxygen vacancies, as well as the strong metal‑support interaction between ruthenium and the titanium substrate. This study provides a new pathway for developing low‑cost, high‑performance bifunctional catalysts for acidic water electrolysis.

Key words: water electrolysis, Ru-based catalyst, oxygen evolution reaction, hydrogen evolution reaction, acidic electrolyte

Cite this article

Songheng Xie, Yiran Lin, Yalong Yuan, Yao Chen, Zhenhai Wen, Junheng Huang. Efficient and Stable RuO_x/Ti Bifunctional Electrocatalyst for Acidic Oxygen Evolution and Hydrogen Evolution Reactions[J]. Acta Chimica Sinica, 2026, 84(6): 849-858.

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Figure 1. (a) Schematic diagram of RuOx/Ti synthesis. (b) XRD patterns of all samples. (c, d) SEM images of RuOx/Ti-450 at different magnifications. (e, f) TEM image and HRTEM image of RuOx/Ti-450, (g) Inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) image corresponding to the framed region in (f). (h) TEM-EDS elemental mapping images of RuOx/Ti-450

Figure 2. (a) Raman spectra and (b) survey XPS spectrum of all samples. High-resolution XPS spectra of (c) Ti 2p and (d) O 1s for all samples

Figure 3. (a) LSV curves of all catalysts in 0.5 mol•L-1 H2SO4 electrolyte, (b) Overpotential at current densities of 10 and 100 mA•cm-2, (c) Tafel plots, (d) EIS Nyquist plots at 1.5 V vs. RHE, (e) ECSA values and (f) mass activity (left) and JECSA (right) at 1.53 V vs. RHE. (g) Oxygen Faradaic efficiency of RuOx/Ti-450 at different potentials. (h) Stability of different catalysts during chronopotentiometry tests

Figure 4. (a) LSV curves of all catalysts in 0.5 mol•L-1 H2SO4 electrolyte, (b) Overpotential at current densities of 10 and 100 mA•cm-2, (c) Tafel plots, (d) EIS spectrum. The inset shows a magnified view of the gray region, (e) mass activity (left) and JECSA (right) at －0.2 V vs. RHE. (f) Hydrogen Faradaic efficiency of RuOx/Ti-450 at different potentials. (g) Performance comparison diagram of all catalysts. (h) Stability of RuOx/Ti-450 and RuOx/Ti-500 at －10 mA•cm-2 in 0.5 mol•L-1 H2SO4

Figure 5. Characterization of RuOx/Ti-450 before and after OER and HER stability tests. (a) XRD spectrum. (b) XPS spectrum. (c) High-resolution spectrum of Ti 2p and Ru 3p3/2. (d) High-resolution spectrum of O 1s

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高效稳定的RuO_x/Ti双功能电催化剂用于酸性析氢与析氧反应

Efficient and Stable RuO_x/Ti Bifunctional Electrocatalyst for Acidic Oxygen Evolution and Hydrogen Evolution Reactions

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高效稳定的RuOx/Ti双功能电催化剂用于酸性析氢与析氧反应

Efficient and Stable RuOx/Ti Bifunctional Electrocatalyst for Acidic Oxygen Evolution and Hydrogen Evolution Reactions

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Supporting Info.

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Abstract

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References 24

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高效稳定的RuO_x/Ti双功能电催化剂用于酸性析氢与析氧反应

Efficient and Stable RuO_x/Ti Bifunctional Electrocatalyst for Acidic Oxygen Evolution and Hydrogen Evolution Reactions