Room-temperature Construction of Water-stable Perovskite Quantum Dots for Cr(VI) Detection and Light-emitting Diodes

doi:10.6023/A26040131

Abstract

Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)), as a highly toxic heavy metal ion pollutant, poses severe threats to both aquatic ecosystems and human health. The development of rapid, sensitive, and selective methods for Cr(VI) detection is of great significance for environmental monitoring and public health protection. Perovskite quantum dots (QDs) have shown great potential in fluorescence sensing due to their excellent optical properties, but their practical applications are severely limited by poor water stability and harsh synthesis conditions (typically requiring high temperature). Herein, we report a room-temperature ligand engineering strategy that utilizes the synergistic effect of 3-bromo-2-(bromomethyl)propionic acid (BPA) and oleylamine (OLA) to one-step synthesize highly stable CsPbBr₃@BPA QDs in aqueous phase. The synergistic coordination of the dual bromine and carboxyl groups in the BPA molecule significantly lowers the nucleation energy barrier, effectively fills surface bromine vacancies, and suppresses non-radiative recombination. The as-prepared CsPbBr₃@BPA QDs exhibit excellent water dispersibility and luminescence performance, emitting bright green fluorescence with a photoluminescence quantum yield as high as 62.7% and a full width at half maximum of only 22 nm. Their fluorescence intensity remains stable in aqueous solution for over 144 h. Furthermore, based on the effective fluorescence quenching of the QDs by Cr(VI), a highly sensitive and specific analytical method for Cr(VI) was successfully constructed, with a detection limit as low as 4 nmol/L and a linear range of 0.02~2.4 μmol/L. The method was successfully applied to the spiked recovery analysis of Cr(VI) in real water samples, including tap water, spring water, and lake water, with the recoveries ranging from 93.3% to 106.0%. In addition, the developed CsPbBr₃@BPA QDs were used to fabricate high-color-purity green and white light-emitting diodes, expanding their application scenarios. This work provides a new strategy for the room-temperature preparation of highly stable perovskite QDs and demonstrates their dual-functional application potential in environmental monitoring and solid-state lighting.

Key words: CsPbBr₃@BPA quantum dots, room-temperature synthesis, water-stable, Cr(VI) detection, light-emitting diodes

Cite this article

Yingmin Zhang, Xinxin Tong, Yufeng Chen, Jiantong Li, Xin Wang, Zhaoshen Wu, Junhao Liu, Jian Liu, Shenghong Yang. Room-temperature Construction of Water-stable Perovskite Quantum Dots for Cr(VI) Detection and Light-emitting Diodes[J]. Acta Chimica Sinica, 2026, 84(7): 1049-1056.

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Fig. & Tab. 5

Figure 1. Illustration of the room-temperature synthesis of CsPbBr3@BPA quantum dots and their applications in Cr(VI) detection and LEDs

Figure 2. Emission spectra of CsPbBr3 QDs synthesized with different ligands (A), emission spectra (B) and normalized photoluminescence intensity (D) of CsPbBr3 QDs synthesized with different OLA addition amounts, and emission spectra (C) and normalized photoluminescence intensity (E) of CsPbBr3 QDs synthesized with different BPA addition amounts

Figure 3. The UV-Visible absorption and emission spectra of CsPbBr3@BPA QDs (A, the inset shows the corresponding optical photograph of the solution), the TEM and high-resolution image (inset) of CsPbBr3@BPA QDs (B), the size distribution (C), XRD pattern (D), FTIR spectrum (E) of CsPbBr3@BPA QDs, the high-resolution XPS spectra of (F) Cs, (G) Pb, and (H) Br elements of CsPbBr3@BPA QDs

Figure 4. Emission spectra of CsPbBr3@BPA QDs aqueous solution before and after the addition of Cr(VI) (A). Stern-Volmer plots of fluorescence quenching at 20 and 30 ℃ (B). Fluorescence decay curves of CsPbBr3@BPA QDs solution before and after the addition of Cr(VI) (C). Emission spectra of CsPbBr3@BPA QDs solution after the addition of different concentrations of Cr(VI) (D). Linear relationship between Cr(VI) concentration and quenching efficiency (E). Photographs of CsPbBr3@BPA QDs aqueous solution under 365 nm UV irradiation in the presence of different metal ions (F). Relative fluorescence intensity of CsPbBr3@BPA QDs aqueous solution containing different metal ions before and after the addition of Cr(VI) (G)

Figure 5. CIE chromaticity coordinates of green (A) and white (B) LEDs, and the corresponding emission spectra of green (C) and white (D) LEDs (inset: optical photographs of the green and white LEDs in operation)

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