SIOC 中文
ACS
Adv search

Acta Chimica Sinica >

2014 , Vol. 72 >Issue 8: 927 - 934

DOI: https://doi.org/10.6023/A14040286

Article

Preparation and Capacitance of Copper-Doped Activated Carbon From Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) Precursor

  • Ma Zhanling ,
  • Song Yanfang ,
  • Xia Yongyao ,
  • He Junpo
Expand
  • a State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433;
    b Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433

Received date: 2014-04-16

  Online published: 2014-05-30

Supported by

Project supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (Nos. 2008AA032102, 2011CB605701).

Fold

Abstract

Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) is a widely used precursor for activated carbon using KOH as the activation agent. In the present work, we prepared activated carbon with high BET surface (2241 m2/g) by optimizing the activation temperature and the dosage of KOH. On this basis, we obtained PAN-based activated carbon doped with copper. The preparation is through a three-step process: (1) the nucleophilic reaction between nitrile groups and hydroxylamine (NH2OH), introducing multi amino and oximido groups in PAN; (2) complexation of Cu2+ with oximido groups on modified PAN, resulting in a dark green colored complex; (3) carbonization of the complex in the presence of KOH at high temperature. The present method of doping-in-precursor may provides more homogeneous blending of metal in carbon matrix than simple mixing of activated carbon and copper. The copper-doped activated carbon was characterized by XPS, FT-IR and SEM. The doped copper undergoes the Faradic reactions to produce pseudo-capacitance, thus improving the specific capacitance of activated carbon electrodes from 208.3 F/g to 289.7 F/g (0.5 A/g). Nevertheless, the cycle stability of copper-doped activated carbon was lower than that of pure activated carbon after several recharge cycles. This was probably caused by the irreversible Faradic reaction of doped copper.

Key words： polyacrylonitrile; chemical complexation method; copper-doping; activated carbon

Cite this article

Ma Zhanling , Song Yanfang , Xia Yongyao , He Junpo . Preparation and Capacitance of Copper-Doped Activated Carbon From Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) Precursor[J]. Acta Chimica Sinica, 2014 , 72(8) : 927 -934 . DOI: 10.6023/A14040286

References

[1] Wang, Y. X.; Wang, C. G.; Wu, J. W.; Jing, M. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2007, 106, 1787.

[2] Tang, C. B.; Tracz, A.; Kruk, M.; Zhang, R.; Smilgies, D. M.; Matyjaszewski, K.; Kowalewski, T. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2005, 127, 6918.

[3] Stefik, M.; Sai, H.; Sauer, K.; Gruner, S. M.; DiSalvo, F. J.; Wiesner, U. Macromolecules 2009, 42, 6682.

[4] Kowalewski, T.; Tsarevsky, N. V.; Matyjaszewski, K. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2002, 124, 10632.

[5] Zhong, M. J.; Kim, E. K.; McGann, J. P.; Chun, S. E.; Whitacre, J. F.; Jaroniec, M.; Matyjaszewski, K.; Kowalewski, T. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2012, 134, 14846.

[6] Zheng, L. P.; Wang, X. Y.; An, H. F.; Chen, Q. Q.; Liu, L.; Bai, L. Acta Chim. Sinica, 2010, 68, 2516. (郑丽萍, 王先友, 安红芳, 陈权启, 刘黎, 白俐, 化学学报, 2006, 68, 2516.)

[7] Zhou, C. F.; Liu, T.; Wang, T.; Kumar, S. Polymer 2006, 47, 5831.

[8] Jagannathan, S.; Liu, T.; Kumar, S. Compos. Sci. Technol. 2010, 70, 593.

[9] Frackowiak, E.; Lota, G.; Machnikowski, J.; Vix-Guterl, C.; Béguin, F. Electrochim. Acta 2006, 51, 2209.

[10] Gouérec, P.; Talbi, H.; Miousse, D.; Tran-Van, F.; Dao, L. H.; Lee, K. H. J. Electrochem. Soc. 2001, 148, A94.

[11] Ra, E. J.; Raymundo-Piñero, E.; Lee, Y. H.; Béguin, F. Carbon 2009, 47, 2984.

[12] Yang, X. Q.; Wu, D. C.; Chen, X. M.; Fu, R. W. J. Phys. Chem. C 2010, 114, 8581.

[13] Xu, B.; Wu, F.; Chen, R. J.; Cao, G. P.; Chen, S.; Yang, Y. S. J. Power Sources 2010, 195, 2118.

[14] Kim, B. H.; Bui, N. N.; Yang, K. S.; dela Cruz, M. E.; Ferraris, J. P. Bull. Korean Chem. Soc. 2009, 30, 1967.

[15] Winter, M.; Brodd, R. J. Chem. Rev. 2004, 104, 4245.

[16] Mahon, P. J.; Drummond, C. J. Aust. J. Chem. 2001, 54, 473.

[17] Nishino, A. J. Power Sources 1996, 60, 137.

[18] Nomoto, S.; Nakata, H.; Yoshika, K.; Yoshida, A.; Yoneda, H. J. Power Sources 2001, 97-98, 807.

[19] Pandolfo, A. G.; Hollenkamp, A. F. J. Power Sources 2006, 157, 11.

[20] Frackowiak, E.; Béguin, F. Carbon 2001, 39, 937.

[21] Zhai, Y. P.; Dou, Y. Q.; Zhao, D. Y.; Fulvio, P. F.; Mayes, R. T.; Dai, S. Adv. Mater. 2011, 23, 4828.

[22] Inagaki, M.; Konno, H.; Tanaike, O. J. Power Sources 2010, 195, 7880.

[23] Lu, W.; Yushin, G. Nano Energy 2012, 1, 552.

[24] Noked, M.; Soffer, A.; Aurbach, D. J. Solid State Electrochem. 2011, 15, 1563.

[25] Zhi, M. J.; Xiang, C. C.; Li, J. T.; Li, M.; Wu, N. Q. Nanoscale 2013, 5, 72.

[26] Zhang, J. R.; Jiang, D. C.; Chen, B.; Zhu, J. J.; Jiang, L. P.; Fang, H. Q. J. Electrochem. Soc. 2001, 148, A1362.

[27] Zheng, J. P.; Cygan, P. J.; Jow, T. R. J. Electrochem. Soc. 1995, 142, 2699.

[28] Yoon, Y. S.; Cho, W. I.; Lim, J. H.; Choi, D. J. J. Power Sources 2001, 101, 126.

[29] Liu, K. C.; Anderson, M. A. J. Electrochem. Soc. 1996, 143, 124.

[30] Yan, L.; Kong, H.; Li, Z. J. Acta Chim. Sinica 2013, 71, 822. (严琳, 孔惠, 李在均, 化学学报, 2013, 71, 822.)

[31] Zheng, M. B.; Ling, Z. X.; Liao, S. T.; Yang, Z. J.; Ji, G. B.; Cao, J. M.; Tao, J. Acta Chim. Sinica 2009, 67, 1069. (郑明波, 凌宗欣, 廖书田, 杨振江, 姬广斌, 曹洁明, 陶杰, 化学学报, 2009, 67, 1069.)

[32] Li, Y. H.; Chang, S.; Liu, X. L.; Huang, J. C.; Yin, J. L.; Wang, G. L.; Cao, D. X. Electrochim. Acta 2012, 85, 393.

[33] Patake, V. D.; Joshi, S. S.; Lokhande, C. D.; Joo, O. S. Mater. Chem. Phys. 2009, 114, 6.

[34] Dubal, D. P.; Gund, G. S.; Lokhande, C. D.; Holze, R. Mater. Res. Bull. 2013, 48, 923.

[35] Zhang, H. X.; Feng, J.; Zhang, M. L. Mater. Res. Bull. 2008, 43, 3221.

[36] Pendashteh, A.; Rahmanifar, M. S.; Mousavi, M. F. Ultrason. Sonochem. 2014, 21, 643.

[37] Zhang, H. X.; Zhang, M. L. Mater. Chem. Phys. 2008, 108, 184.

[38] Dubal, D. P.; Dhawale, D. S.; Salunkhe, R. R.; Jamdade, V. S.; Lokhande, C. D. J. Alloys Compd. 2010, 492, 26.

[39] Wang, G. L.; Huang, J. C.; Chen, S. L.; Gao, Y. Y.; Cao, D. X. J. Power Sources 2011, 196, 5756.

[40] Endut, Z.; Hamdi, M.; Basirun, W. J. Thin Solid Films 2013, 528, 213.

[41] Zhang, L. L.; Candelaria, S. L.; Tian, J. J.; Li, Y. W.; Huang, Y. X.; Cao, G. Z. J. Power Sources 2013, 236, 215.

[42] Meng, Q. H.; Liu, L.; Song, H. H. J. Appl. Electrochem. 2006, 36, 63.

[43] Meng, Q. H.; Liu, L.; Cao, G. P.; Yang, Y. S. J. Funct. Mater. 2005, 36, 1170. (孟庆函, 刘玲, 曹高萍, 杨裕生, 功能材料, 2005, 36, 1170.)

[44] Sun, G. H.; Li, K. X.; Sun, C. G.; Liu, Y.; He, H. W. Electrochim. Acta 2010, 55, 2667.

[45] Ma, Y. F.; Chen, L. J.; Xing, B. L.; Xu, B.; Huang, X. X.; Zhang, C. X. J. China Coal Soc. 2012, 37, 472. (马亚芬, 谌伦建, 邢宝林, 徐冰, 黄兴许, 张传祥, 煤炭学报, 2012, 37, 472.)

[46] Kim, D. W.; Rhee, K. Y.; Park, S. J. J. Alloys Compd. 2012, 530, 6.

[47] Takamura, T.; Sato, Y.; Sato, Y. J. Power Sources 2011, 196, 5774.

[48] Lin, W. P.; Lu, Y.; Zeng, H. M. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 1993, 47, 45.

[49] Dong, Y. C.; Han, Z. B.; Liu, C. Y.; Du, F. Sci. Total Environ. 2010, 408, 2245.

[50] de Santa Maria, L.; Amorim, M.; Aguiar, M.; Guimarães, P.; Costa, M.; de Aguiar, A.; Rezende, P.; de Carvalho, M.; Barbosa, F. G.; Andrade, J. M.; Ribeiro, R. React. Funct. Polym. 2001, 49, 133.

[51] Zhang, L. F.; Luo, J.; Menkhaus, T. J.; Varadaraju, H.; Sun, Y. Y.; Fong, H. J. Membr. Sci. 2011, 369, 499.

[52] Im, S. S.; Lee, J. S.; Kang, E. Y. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 1992, 45, 827.

[53] Huang, C. C.; Su, Y. J. J. Hazard. Mater. 2010, 175, 477.

[54] Bilba, N.; Bilba, D.; Moroi, G. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2004, 92, 3730.

[55] Horzum, N.; Shahwan, T.; Parlak, O.; Demir, M. M. Chem. Eng. J. 2012, 213, 41.

[56] Lv, Y. Y.; Zhang, F.; Dou, Y. Q.; Zhai, Y. P.; Wang, J. X.; Liu, H. J.; Xia, Y. Y.; Tu, B.; Zhao, D. Y. J. Mater. Chem. 2012, 22, 93.

[57] Xue, C. F.; Lv, Y. Y.; Zhang, F.; Wu, L. M.; Zhao, D. Y. J. Mater. Chem. 2012, 22, 1547.

[58] Zhou, S. Y.; Li, X. H.; Wang, Z. X.; Guo, H. J.; Peng, W. J. Chin. J. Power Sources 2008, 32, 87. (周邵云, 李新海, 王志兴, 郭华军, 彭文杰, 电源技术, 2008, 32, 87.)

[59] Yu, L. Q.; Chen, S. L.; Chang, S.; Li, Y. H.; Gao, Y. Y.; Wang, G. L.; Cao, D. X. Acta Phys.-Chim. Sin. 2011, 27, 615. (于丽秋, 陈书礼, 常莎, 李云虎, 高胤义, 王贵领, 曹殿学, 物理化学学报, 2011, 27, 615.)

[60] Wei, H.; Sun, J. J.; Guo, L.; Li, X.; Chen, G. N. Chem. Commun. 2009, 20, 2842. Song, Y. F.; Zhou, D. D.; Wang, Y. G.; Wang, C. X.; Xia, Y. Y. New J. Chem. 2013, 37, 1768.
Options
Outlines

/

〈 〉