Catalytic Asymmetric exo-Selective 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition of Azomethine Ylides and Ethyl Cyclopropylidene Acetate for Construction of 5-aza-Spiro[2,4]heptane Motif
Received date: 2014-04-03
Online published: 2014-04-21
Supported by
Project supported by National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) (No. 2011CB808600), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21172176) and Hubei Province NSF (No. ZRZ0273).
A direct and facile access to highly functionalized 5-aza-spiro[2,4]heptane derivatives is developed via Cu(CH3CN)4BF4/DTBM-BIPHEP-catalyzed asymmetric exo-selective 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of azomethine ylides with ethyl cyclopropylidene acetate for the first time. The Cu(CH3CN)4BF4/DTBM-BIPHEP complex was identified as the optimal catalyst for the exo-selectivity. The reaction was carried out smoothly with wide substrate scope, and electron-deficient, electron-neutral and electron-rich aryl substituted imino esters were all compatible with the reaction, affording the 5-aza-spiro[2,4]heptane adducts containing three tertiary stereogenic centers and one spiro quaternary center in moderate to good yield (53%～83%) with excellent diastereoselectivity (>98:2, dr) and high enantioselectivity (up to 99% ee). The less reactive alkyl substituted imino ester derived from butyraldehyde was also tolerated in this annulation. The absolute configuration of the cycloadduct was unequivocally determined to be (4R,6S,7S) by X-ray analysis of N-tosylated derivative of exo-3a. Based on the relative and absolute configuration of the exo-cycloadducts, we proposed that an exo approach of ethyl 2-cyclopropylidene acetate to the copper(I) complex occurred predominantly because of the disfavored steric repulsion generated in the endo approach between the substituents of ethyl 2-cyclopropylidene acetate and the large bulky aryl group on the phosphorus atom of the chiral ligand. The produced 5-aza-spiro[2,4]heptanes fragment is widely present in many bioactive carbapenems derivatives, HSR-903 and substituted oxazolidinones. The optically active compounds with different stereoselectivities show different biological activities, therefore, it is important to develop the atom economical method for the asymmetric synthesis ofbiologically active exo-selective 5-aza-spiro[2,4]heptane derivatives.
Li Qinghua , Huang Rong , Wang Chunjiang . Catalytic Asymmetric exo-Selective 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition of Azomethine Ylides and Ethyl Cyclopropylidene Acetate for Construction of 5-aza-Spiro[2,4]heptane Motif[J]. Acta Chimica Sinica, 2014 , 72(7) : 830 -835 . DOI: 10.6023/A14040249
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