Application of SO4- and I- co-Doped Polyaniline Counter Electrode in Dye-sensitized Solar Cells
Received date: 2015-04-16
Online published: 2015-07-07
Supported by
Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21203039, 21107069), and the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (No. 2015DFG62610).
SO4- and I- co-doped polyaniline (PANI) on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) conductive glass substrates were fabricated via electropolymerization with different LiI concentration and used as counter electrodes (CEs) for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The polymerization was performed via cyclic voltammetry (CV) method (0～1.0 V, vs saturated calomel electrode, SCE) at room temperature in aqueous solution, containing 0.35 mol·L-1 aniline monomer, 0.25 mol·L-1 H2SO4 and different concentrations of LiI (0, 0.01, 0.02 and 0.03 mol·L-1). A Pt plate was used as the counter electrode and SCE was used as the reference electrode. The influences of I- doping and the concentration of LiI on surface morphology, structure, and electrocatalytic activity for I-/redox reaction of the obtained PANI CEs were thoroughly studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), CV, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). SEM images indicated that the introduction of LiI into the polymerization solution could change the morphology of the obtained PANI CEs, which could provide more electrocatalytic sites for I-/redox reaction. Meanwhile, the porosity of the as-prepared PANI films was also improved. It is worth noted that I- co-doping could make it easier for 3I- ↔ +2e- reaction on PANI electrodes. The sandwich-type DSSCs were comprised of a N719-sensitized TiO2 working electrode, an as-prepared PANI or Pt electrode as CE, and a redox mediator solution containing 0.1 mol·L-1 LiI, 0.05 mol·L-1 I2, 0.6 mol·L-1 1,2-dimethyl-3-propylimidazolium iodide, and 0.5 mol·L-1 4-tert-butylpyridine in acetonitrile. DSSC based on the PANI CE polymerized with 20 mmol·L-1 LiI showed the best photovoltaic performance, with a solar-to-energy conversion efficiency of 6.52%, which is 93.8% of the efficiency of Pt-DSSC (6.95%) and 116% of that based on PANI CE doped only with SO4-. The results suggest that SO4- and I- co-doped PANI CEs can improve the photovoltaic performance of the resultant DSSCs, and may replace Pt CEs in DSSCs in the future.
Han Ruobing , Lu Shan , Wang Yanjie , Zhang Xuehua , Wu Qiang , He Tao . Application of SO4- and I- co-Doped Polyaniline Counter Electrode in Dye-sensitized Solar Cells[J]. Acta Chimica Sinica, 2015 , 73(10) : 1061 -1068 . DOI: 10.6023/A15040264
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