Research of B(C6F5)3/Aromatic Ammonium Chloride Systems Catalyzed Hydroamination/Reduction Reaction
Received date: 2017-04-06
Online published: 2017-05-24
Supported by
Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.21542011) and Scientific Research Fund of Leshan Normal University (Nos.Z1414,Z1308).
Although in recent years the frustrated Lewis pairs (FLPs) reactivity towards small molecule activation has been widely concerned, the reports on the FLPs derived from aromatic amines are few. This paper describes a new method of an one-pot hydroamination/reduction reaction of terminal alkynes with aromatic amines catalyzed by the B(C6F5)3/aromatic ammonium chloride systems with a hydridosilane as a source of the hydride. We consider that the active intermediate[Ar2NH2]+[H-B(C6F5)3]- which formed by the aromatic ammonium chloride/B(C6F5)3 reaction with silanes plays a very important role on the formation and reduction of the mediate product imines. The hydroamination reaction is firstly induced by the trace amount amines produced by the dissociation of the borohydride aromatic amine salt, which then reacts with the alkynes and forms the imines. Then the borohydride intermediate[Ar2NH2]+[H-B(C6F5)3]- reduces the imines to amines. It has been proved that the borohydride intermediate[Ar2NH2]+[H-B(C6F5)3]- could successfully reduce the corresponding imines to amines in an in-situ reaction condition. However it has been found that the usually most active mono-substituted hydridosilane, such as PhSiH3 shows the poorest reactivity in this case. And the less active trisubstituted silanes such as Et3SiH or Ph3SiH exhibit the highest reactivity. To explain this abnormal phenomenon the different reaction speeds of the cascade hydroamination/reduction reaction and the dissociation of the borohydride aromatic amine salt should be concerned. Since the dissociation of[Ar2NH2]+[H-B(C6F5)3]- to H2 is comparably quicker than the hydroamination reaction. By reacting with the less active trisubstituted silanes could not only slow down the formation and dissociation of[Ar2NH2]+[H-B(C6F5)3]-, but could also let the hydroamination and reduction steps proceeded completely. Moreover by slowly adding the diluted hydrosilanes to the reaction systems could also improve the reaction. The reaction yield is affected by the substituent on the terminal alkynes, too. The alkynes with the electron withdrawn group show comparably higher reactivity than with the electron donating ones.
Zhang Luwen , Wen Zhiguo , Borzov Maxim , Nie Wanli . Research of B(C6F5)3/Aromatic Ammonium Chloride Systems Catalyzed Hydroamination/Reduction Reaction[J]. Acta Chimica Sinica, 2017 , 75(8) : 819 -823 . DOI: 10.6023/A17040142
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