Advances in Nucleic Acid Drug Delivery Systems for Liver Cancer Treatment
Received date: 2024-09-03
Online published: 2024-11-11
Supported by
Pearl River Talent Project(2021QN02Y225); Overseas Research Cooperation Fund of Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University(HW2023009); Department of Chemical Engineering-iBHE Cooperation Joint Fund Project
Liver cancer has become a major threat to human health due to its high lethality, poor prognosis and strong drug resistance. With the in-depth researches on liver cancer and the development of nucleic acid biotechnology, nucleic acid drugs have gradually shown great potential in liver cancer treatment. Compared with traditional therapeutic drugs like chemical drugs, nucleic acid drugs have the characteristics of strong specificity, rich potential targets, relatively short development cycle, and negligible toxic side effects, etc. However, due to the poor stability of nucleic acid molecules, it is difficult to achieve long circulation time in body, high internalization activity, and lysosomal escape capacity in cell, which leads to the low transfection efficiency and prevents it from exerting the therapeutic effect. Therefore, it’s of great importance to develop drug delivery systems for nucleic acid drugs to improve the therapeutic effect and enhance the stability as well as the targeting of nucleic acid drugs in vivo. Currently, the delivery vectors for nucleic acid drugs include viral vectors and non-viral vectors. Viral vectors, including adenovirus, lentivirus, etc., have the advantages of high transfection efficiency and high specificity, but their application prospect is greatly restricted due to the safety and ethical issues. Non-viral vectors are safer, more stable and structurally tunable compared with viral vectors. Non-viral vectors, including covalently attached systems, inorganic nanoparticles, lipid nanoparticles (LNP), polymer nanoparticles (PNP), DNA nanoparticles etc., have high application prospects due to their rich types, diverse and adjustable structures, and good biocompatibility. In this paper, we systematically summarize the current nucleic acid drug delivery systems, especially for liver cancer, and carefully classify the application scenarios and characteristics of the current delivery systems and introduce all the delivery systems as exhaustively as possible. It provides reference for the research and development of innovative nucleic acid drug delivery systems tailored for liver cancer. Collectively, we think that drug delivery systems for nucleic acid drugs could be potential in clinic to promote the improvement of liver cancer therapy.
Key words： liver cancer; delivery system; nucleic acid drugs; gene therapy; non-viral vectors
Wanwan Liu , Dan Li , Kexin Deng , Junyu Liu , Jisong Zhang , Can Yang Zhang . Advances in Nucleic Acid Drug Delivery Systems for Liver Cancer Treatment[J]. Acta Chimica Sinica, 2024 , 82(12) : 1260 -1273 . DOI: 10.6023/A24090258
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