1 引言
2 结果与讨论
2.1 ZSM-22分子筛的骨架结构演变
2.2 ZSM-22分子筛的形貌和织构性质变化
2.3 ZSM-22分子筛的元素组成变化
图6 不同晶化时间后的ZSM-22-DAH和ZSM-22-DAO分子筛中Si、Al含量(a)、Si/Al比(b)以及有机模板剂和K含量(c, d)Figure 6 The Si and Al contents (a), Si/Al ratios (b), as well as the contents of the organic template agents and potassium (c, d) in ZSM-22-DAH and ZSM-22-DAO zeolites collected after crystallization for different times |
图7 各种ZSM-22分子筛的13C MAS NMR谱图(a, b)及热重失重曲线(c)Figure 7 13C MAS NMR spectra (a, b) and thermogravimetric weight loss curves (c) of various ZSM-22 zeolites |
表1 各种ZSM-22分子筛的元素组成、外表面Brønsted酸量以及骨架和非骨架铝物种的占比Table 1 The elemental composition, the quantities of Brønsted acid sites on the external surface, and the percentages of framework and extra-framework aluminum species of various ZSM-22 zeolites |
| Zeolites | Si/Ala | Si/Alb | Si/AlFc | Si/AlFd | dTBPye/(μmol•g-1) | AlFf/% | AlEFf/% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ZSM-22-DAH | 36.6 | 29.3 | 44.9 | 45.0 | 9.3 | 94.4 | 5.6 |
| ZSM-22-DAH/DAO-1/1 | 33.0 | 23.7 | 37.0 | 37.1 | 17.3 | 95.6 | 4.4 |
| ZSM-22-DAO | 28.1 | 18.6 | 30.3 | 29.8 | 24.1 | 96.9 | 3.1 |
a The bulk Si/Al ratios were measured by ICP. b The external surface Si/Al ratios were measured by XPS. c The framework Si/Al ratios were determined from 29Si MAS NMR spectra. d The framework Si/AlF ratios were estimated using the method reported by Jo and co-workers[45], which integrates the concentration ratios of Brønsted acid sites to Lewis ones obtained from Py-IR measurements with the bulk Si/Al ratios. e The quantities of Brønsted acid sites on external surface were tested by dTBPy-IR. f AlF and AlEF represent the percentages of Al atoms in the framework and extra-framework, respectively, derived from the relative intensity of the signals at δ 45~65 and 0, respectively, in the 27Al MAS NMR spectra. |
2.4 ZSM-22分子筛的酸性变化
图8 ZSM-22-DAH和ZSM-22-DAO分子筛的Brønsted酸和Lewis酸含量随晶化时间的变化曲线(a), ZSM-22-DAH-36h, ZSM-22-DAO-60h和ZSM-22-DAH/DAO-1/1分子筛的dTBPy-IR谱图(b)、Si 2p XPS谱图(c)、Al 2p XPS谱图(d)、27Al MAS NMR谱图(e)和29Si MAS NMR谱图(f)Figure 8 The variation in the contents of Brønsted and Lewis acid sites in ZSM-22-DAH and ZSM-22-DAO zeolites with respect to crystallization time (a), dTBPy-IR spectra (b), Si 2p XPS spectra (c), Al 2p XPS spectra (d), 27Al MAS NMR spectra (e) and 29Si MAS NMR spectra (f) of ZSM-22-DAH-36h, ZSM-22-DAO-60h and ZSM-22-DAH/DAO-1/1 zeolites |
2.5 ZSM-22分子筛的晶化机制
2.6 ZSM-22分子筛形貌和酸性的可控调控
图10 各种ZSM-22分子筛的NH3-TPD曲线(a)和相应的强弱酸量变化(b)、Py-IR谱图(c)和相应的B酸量变化(d)Figure 10 NH3-TPD profiles (a) and the corresponding variations in the quantities of strong/weak acid sites (b), Py-IR spectra (c) and the corresponding variations in the quantities of Brønsted acid sites (d) of various ZSM-22 zeolites |