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2026 26070252

DOI: https://doi.org/10.6023/A26070252

Communication

Cooperative Photoredox and N-Heterocyclic Carbene Catalysis for Enantioselective Benzylic C-H Oxyacylation

  • Li Cao-Bo ,
  • Li Zhi-Cheng ,
  • Gao Zhong-Hua ,
  • Ye Song
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  • aBeijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190;
    bSchool of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049

Received date: 2026-07-17

  Online published: 2026-08-19

Supported by

National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 22571305 and 22471277).

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Abstract

Chiral α-aryl carboxylic acids are a common structural motif and serve as the key pharmacophore in many drug molecules. Traditional methods for constructing such chiral structures typically rely on asymmetric transition-metal catalysis. In this communication, we report an asymmetric benzylic C-H oxyacylation reaction enabled by cooperative photoredox and N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) catalysis. This reaction affords a series of chiral α-aryl esters in moderate to good yields with high enantioselectivities. These chiral esters could serve as precursors for α-aryl carboxylic acids, providing a more atom-economical synthetic route to this important class of bioactive frameworks. A plausible mechanism was proposed for this reaction: First, the free NHC adds to diethyl pyrocarbonate to form the corresponding acyl azolium intermediate, while the excited-state photosensitizer oxidizes the alkyl arene substrate to generate the aryl radical cation intermediate, which subsequently forms benzyl radical under basic conditions; Then, the acyl azolium intermediate was reduced by the reduced-state photosensitizer to give the corresponding ester radical, which then couples with the benzyl radical to form the zwitterionic intermediate; Finally, the zwitterionic intermediate releases the target product and regenerates the NHC catalyst to complete the catalytic cycle. In this reaction, photocatalysis generates highly active radical species, while NHC catalysis controls the enantioselectivity, with the two catalytic modes working in excellent synergy. A representative procedure is described as follows. To an oven-dried 4-mL vial equipped with a magnetic stirring bar was charged with alkylarene 1 (0.2 mmol, 1 equiv.), diethyl pyrocarbonate 2a (0.8 mmol, 4.0 equiv.) and the NHC F (0.04 mmol, 20 mol%), K2CO3 (0.3 mmol, 1.5 equiv.), photocatalyst PC3 (Ir[dFCF3ppy]2[bpy]PF6) (0.004 mmol, 2 mol%). The tube was evacuated and backfilled with N2 for three times. To this mixture was added dry CH3CN (3 mL) and stirred at room temperature under blue LED irradiation for 24 h. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure and the residue was purified by column chromatography on silica gel to give the desired product 3.

Key words： N-heterocyclic carbene catalysis; photocatalysis; cooperative catalysis; enantioselectivity; oxyacylation reaction

Cite this article

Li Cao-Bo , Li Zhi-Cheng , Gao Zhong-Hua , Ye Song . Cooperative Photoredox and N-Heterocyclic Carbene Catalysis for Enantioselective Benzylic C-H Oxyacylation[J]. Acta Chimica Sinica, 2026 : 26070252 . DOI: 10.6023/A26070252

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