1 引言
2 结果与讨论
2.1 BACT与B-M的结构表征
2.2 单组分环氧树脂体系EP-B-M-x的制备、储存稳定性与基础性能表征
图3 (a1)~(c1) EP-B-M-x和(a2)~(c2) EP-M-x固化前驱体储存期间的结构FT-IR表征Figure 3 FT-IR spectra of EP-B-M-x (a1)~(c1) and EP-M-x (a2)~(c2) curing precursors during storage period |
表1 EP-B-M-x和EP-M-x的固化剩余放热(单位J/g)和固化程度(α)随储存时间的变化Table 1 Residual curing heat release (in units of J/g) and the curing degree (α) of EP-B-M-x and EP-M-x during storage period |
| 0 d | 1 d | 3 d | 7 d | 14 d | 21 d | α/% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP-B-M-0.5% | 262.8 | 257.1 | 253.0 | 244.9 | 231.1 | 230.5 | 12.2 |
| EP-B-M-1% | 295.2 | 279.4 | 269.2 | 240.5 | 210.0 | 206.2 | 30.2 |
| EP-B-M-2% | 274.2 | 265.0 | 187.5 | 160.6 | 153.4 | 150.9 | 45.0 |
| EP-M-0.5% | 272.7 | 236.4 | 163.9 | 102.3 | 85.1 | 79.7 | 70.8 |
| EP-M-1% | 297.0 | 273.2 | 201.9 | 155.2 | 100.5 | 85.0 | 71.4 |
| EP-M-2% | 292.5 | 268.1 | 230.9 | 127.6 | 71.5 | 67.9 | 76.8 |
| EP-B-2% | 73.1 | 72.5 | 71.3 | 65.0 | 61.6 | 61.0 | 16.6 |
图4 EP-B-M-0.5%与EP-M-0.5%的(a)粘度-温度曲线和(b) 100 ℃下粘度-时间曲线Figure 4 (a) Viscosity-temperature curves and (b) viscosity-time curves at 100 ℃ of EP-B-M-0.5% and EP-M-0.5% |
图5 EP-M-0.5% (a)与EP-B-M-0.5% (b)在不同升温速率下非等温DSC固化曲线; 通过Kissinger (c)和Ozawa (d)方程计算固化活化能; EP-M-0.5% (e)与EP-B-M-0.5% (f)的温度-升温速率(T-β)线性拟合Figure 5 Non-isothermal DSC curves of EP-M-0.5% (a) and EP-B-M-0.5% (b) at different heating rates; curing activation energy calculated by the Kissinger (c) and Ozawa (d) method; temperature-heating rate (T-β) linear fitting curves of EP-M-0.5% (e) and EP-B-M-0.5% (f) |
图6 (a)叔胺促进剂作用下, 环氧与酸酐的固化反应方程式; (b), (c)硼酸酯参与环氧树脂固化的反应方程式Figure 6 (a) The curing reaction equation of epoxy and anhydride under the action of tertiary amine accelerator; (b), (c) the reaction equation of borate ester participating in the epoxy resin curing |
2.3 单组分环氧树脂体系EP-B-M-0.5%储存期过后的性能分析
图8 21 d储存期前后EP-B-M-0.5%固化前驱体的(a)粘度-温度变化曲线; (b)粘度-时间曲线; 储存期前后EP-B-M-0.5%固化物的(c)拉伸力学性能; (d)动态热机械性能Figure 8 (a) Viscosity-temperature curves and (b) viscosity-time curves of EP-B-M-0.5% curing precursor before and after 21 day storage period; (c) tensile mechanical properties and (d) dynamic thermal mechanical properties of the EP-B-M-0.5% cured material before and after the storage period |