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Chinese Journal of Organic Chemistry >

2021 , Vol. 41 >Issue 4: 1466 - 1488

DOI: https://doi.org/10.6023/cjoc202009019

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Progress in the Synthesis of Energetic Salts Based on Pyrazole

  • Guanglei Li ,
  • Haifeng Huang ,
  • Jun Yang ,
  • Hongzhen Duan
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  • a School of Science, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051
    b Key Laboratory of Energy Regulation Materials, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032
    c Innovation Academy for Green Manufacture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190
* Corresponding authors. E-mail: ;
E-mail: ;
E-mail:

Received date: 2020-09-08

  Revised date: 2020-09-28

  Online published: 2020-11-04

Supported by

Innovation Academy for Green Manufacture, Chinese Academy of Sciences(IAGM2020C06)

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Abstract

The pyrazole ring has three modifiable carbon sites and one modifiable NH site. Based on the pyrazole ring, a variety of pyrazole energetic compounds can be designed by the introduction of nitro, nitramino, amino and hydroxyl group and the formation of fused rings. At the same time, compared with conventional energetic compounds such as 2,4,6-trinitro- benzene (TNT), hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-triazine (RDX) and 1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocane (HMX), energetic pyrazoles have the advantages of high nitrogen content, high enthalpy of formation and low sensitivities. In recent years, a large number of energetic salts based on pyrazole have been designed and synthesized around the world, including monocyclic energetic salts, bicyclic energetic salts and fused energetic salts based on pyrazole. Many of them exhibit the characteristics of high energy and low sensitivity. The synthesis and properties of recently reported energetic salts based on pyrazole are reviewed, and their applications in the field of energetic materials are prospected.

Key words： energetic material; energetic salt; pyrazole; nitramino

Cite this article

Guanglei Li , Haifeng Huang , Jun Yang , Hongzhen Duan . Progress in the Synthesis of Energetic Salts Based on Pyrazole[J]. Chinese Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2021 , 41(4) : 1466 -1488 . DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202009019

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