Chinese Journal of Organic Chemistry >
Application of Hydrophobic Catalysts in Organic Synthesis Reactions
Received date: 2024-06-12
Revised date: 2024-08-13
Online published: 2024-09-19
Supported by
State Key Laboratory of Clean and Efficient Coal Utilization, Taiyuan University of Technology(SKL202102); Fundamental Research Program of Shanxi Province(202303021211033); Fundamental Research Program of Shanxi Province(20210302124123)
Water is usually inevitably produced or needed in the reaction, and it plays the roles of solvent, reactant, by-product, catalyst or proton transfer agent in the reaction. It can be used as a solvent to improve the hydrophilicity of the substrate in multiphase catalytic systems, which can promote the reaction. But in the field of catalytic synthesis, it is widely recognized that water molecule is a destructive factor, which can destroy the active sites of metals, leading to the decrease of catalyst performance or even inactivation. Most of the traditional metal catalysts are “water-unstable”, so the construction and performance of hydrophobic catalysts or hydrophobic microenvironments have become a hot research topic. In this review, the research progress of designing and preparing hydrophobic catalysts using Pt, Pd, Fe, Co, Cu, Au, Ti, Rh and other metals as active sites is summarized in detail, and the organic applications of hydrophobic catalysts in oxidation, reduction, coupling and CO2 conversion are summarized and analyzed. It is also explained that the hydrophobic microenvironments with appropriate hydrophilic effect can be constructed for the specific reaction systems. The challenges of constructing catalysts with suitable “hydrophobic effect” for specific reaction systems and realizing efficient synthesis of target molecules are explained, and the future development trend of this field is also prospected.
Key words： hydrophobic modification; catalyst; organic synthesis; application
Jing Xu , Juan Zhang , Wenchao Gao , Fanhui Meng , Peng Yang , Honghong Chang . Application of Hydrophobic Catalysts in Organic Synthesis Reactions[J]. Chinese Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2025 , 45(1) : 136 -150 . DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202406019
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