Chinese Journal of Organic Chemistry >
Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution Reactions via π-Coordination-Activation Transition Metals
Received date: 2024-08-30
Revised date: 2024-09-10
Online published: 2024-11-20
Supported by
“Pioneer” and “Leading Goose” Research and Development Program of Zhejiang Province(2022SDXHDX0006)
Aromatic rings are fundamental building blocks prevalent in natural products, pharmaceuticals, and chemical materials. Nucleophilic aromatic substitution (SNAr) is one of the key strategies for functionalizing aromatic compounds. However, SNAr reaction has primarily been applied to aromatic compounds bearing electron-withdrawing substituents, which facilitate nucleophilic attack on the ring. The π-coordination with electrophilic transition metals can overcome this limitation by enhancing the electrophilicity of aromatic rings, leading to the successful development of numerous SNAr reactions involving arene π-complexes over the past several decades. Beyond stoichiometric reactions of preformed complexes, recent efforts have focused on exploring transition-metal-catalyzed SNAr reaction and obtained notable progress. This review highlights SNAr reactions mediated by transition metals, such as chromium (Cr), iron (Fe), ruthenium (Ru), manganese (Mn), and rhodium (Rh), emphasizing the role of π-coordination in activating the aromatic ring.
Yixuan Ma , Kai Chen , Hang Shi . Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution Reactions via π-Coordination-Activation Transition Metals[J]. Chinese Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2025 , 45(6) : 2074 -2085 . DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202408036
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