1 Catharanthine的生源合成与异源合成
1.1 Catharanthine的生源合成途径
图式1 Catharanthine的生源合成途径Scheme 1 Biosynthesis route of Catharanthine GES, Geraniol synthase; G8H, Geraniol 8-hydroxylase; CPR, Cytochrome P450 reductase; GOR, 8-Hydroxygeraniol oxidoreductase; ISY, Isopiperitenone synthase; MLPL, Monoterpenyl phosphate phosphatase; IO, Iridoid oxidase; CYPADH2, Cytochrome P450-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase 2; 7DLGT, 7-Deoxyloganic acid glucosyltransferase; LAMT, Loganic acid O-methyl-transferase; SLS, Secologanin synthase; TDC, Tryptophan decarboxylase; STR, Strictosidine synthase; SGD, Strictosidine β-D-glucosidase; GS, Geissoschizine synthase; GO, Geissoschizine oxidase; Redox 1, Redoxase 1; Redox 2, Redoxase 2; SAT, Coronaridine-O-acetyltransferase; PAS, precondylocarpine acetate synthase; DPAS, Dihydroprecondylocarpine synthase; CS, Catharanthine synthase. |
1.2 Catharanthine的异源合成
1.2.1 酵母底盘中Catharanthine的生物合成
1.2.2 植物底盘中Catharanthine的生物合成
2 Catharanthine的化学合成
2.1 Büchi团队对(±)-Catharanthine的全合成
2.2 Kutney团队对(±)-Catharanthine的合成
2.3 Trost团队对(±)-Catharanthine的形式合成
2.4 Beisler团队对(±)-Catharanthine的消旋全合成
2.5 Tmanishi团队对(±)-Catharanthine的形式合成
2.6 Das团队对(±)-Catharanthine的仿生合成
2.7 Raucher团队对(±)-Catharanthine的全合成
2.8 Kuehne团队对(±)-Catharanthine的合成
2.9 Szántay团队对(+)-Catharanthine的不对称合成
2.10 Fukuyama团队对(±)-Catharanthine的立体控制全合成
2.11 Doris团队对(+)-Catharanthine的形式合成
2.12 Oguri团队对(-)-Catharanthine的不对称合成
2.13 Ishihara团队对(-)/(+)-Catharanthine的形式合成
2.14 罗佗平团队对(+)-Catharanthine的形式合成
2.15 Batey团队对(+)-Catharanthine的全合成
2.16 Nemoto团队对(+)-Catharanthine的不对称合成
2.17 Dixon团队对(±)-Catharanthine的合成
2.18 Gröger团队对映选择性合成(-)-Catharanthine
3 结语与展望
表1 Catharanthine的全合成研究工作总结Table 1 Summary of total synthesis of Catharanthine |
| Entry | Research group | Year | (±/+/-)-Catharanthine | Steps | Yield/% | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Büchiʼ group | 1969 | (±)-Catharanthine | 17 | 1.4 | [19] |
| 2 | Kutneyʼ group | 1975 | (±)-Catharanthine | 12 | <1 | [20] |
| 3 | Trostʼ group | 1979 | (±)-Catharanthine | 12 | 13 | [22] |
| 4 | Beislerʼ group | 1980 | (±)-Catharanthine | 14 | <1 | [23] |
| 5 | Tmanishiʼ group | 1980 | (±)-Catharanthine | 19 | <1 | [26] |
| 6 | Dasʼ group | 1981 | (±)-Catharanthine | 10 | 1.4 | [27] |
| 7 | Raucherʼ group | 1985 | (±)-Catharanthine | 10 | 13 | [29] |
| 8 | Kuehneʼ group | 1986 | (±)-Catharanthine | 9 | 11 | [30a] |
| 9 | Kuehneʼ group | 2008 | (±)-Catharanthine | 12 | 2.6 | [30b] |
| 10 | Szántayʼ group | 1990 | (+)-Catharanthine | 9 | 6.3 | [31] |
| 11 | Fukuyamaʼ group | 1999 | (±)-Catharanthine | 13 | 12.4 | [32a] |
| 12 | Dorisʼ group | 2006 | (+)-Catharanthine | 24 | <1 | [33] |
| 13 | Oguriʼ group | 2013 | (-)-Catharanthine | 10 | 3.2 | [34] |
| 14 | Ishiharaʼ group | 2014 | (-)-Catharanthine | 17 | <1 | [35] |
| 15 | Ishiharaʼ group | 2015 | (+)-Catharanthine | 19 | <1 | [36] |
| 16 | Tuoping Luoʼ group | 2016 | (+)-Catharanthine | 13 | <1 | [37] |
| 17 | Bateyʼ group | 2018 | (+)-Catharanthine | 15 | <1 | [39] |
| 18 | Nemotoʼ group | 2019 | (+)-Catharanthine | 27 | <1 | [40] |
| 19 | Dixonʼ group | 2021 | (±)-Catharanthine | 5 | 2.1 | [42] |
| 20 | Grögerʼ group | 2023 | (-)-Catharanthine | 22 | <1 | [43] |