Chinese Journal of Organic Chemistry >
Progress on the Photocatalytic Synthesis of Amines from Imines
Received date: 2025-09-22
Revised date: 2025-12-08
Online published: 2025-12-30
Supported by
Xiamen University Training Program of Innovation and Entrepreneurship for Undergraduates(APSR-ZD-202509)
Xiamen University Training Program of Innovation and Entrepreneurship for Undergraduates(2024X788)
Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(2024J01017)
National Natural Science Foundation of China(21931010)
National Natural Science Foundation of China(22571269)
Over the past decade, photocatalysis has emerged as one of the frontiers in organic chemistry, attracting tremendous interest from the synthetic community. Compared to traditional methods, photocatalytic reactions offer advantages such as mild conditions, high functional group tolerance and unique reactivity and selectivity. As an important area of photocatalysis, the transformation of imines is undergoing continuous advancements. Under photocatalytic conditions, the reactivity of imines is reshaped, allowing them to undergo single-electron reduction to form α-aminoalkyl radicals—a process that can even reverse their polarity, enabling them to act as carbon nucleophiles. N-Heterocycles and amines are among the most prevalent and important organic compounds, which are found in numerous alkaloids and pharmaceutical molecules. Therefore, the conversion of imine compounds to amines under photocatalytic conditions has introduced new methodologies to solve important problems in the synthesis of drugs and related fields, which were hardly achieved by traditional synthetic strategies. This review summarized the research progress on the photocatalytic synthesis of amines from imines via α-aminoalkyl radicals, with a focus on selectivity and functional group tolerance.
Key words: photocatalysis; imine; amine; radical
Ziming Zhao , Jianfeng Zheng , Peiqiang Huang . Progress on the Photocatalytic Synthesis of Amines from Imines[J]. Chinese Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2026 , 46(5) : 1984 -2001 . DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202509025
| [1] |
(a)
(黄嘉浩, 黄雅豪, 胡鹏, 有机化学, 2025, 45, 1509.)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
|
| [2] |
(a)
(b)
(c)
(李文雅, 王煜, 陈江琦, 史丹, 张良, 余小春, 王正军, 有机化学, 2024, 44, 2110.)
(d)
(李文珂, 孙北奇, 张雷, 莫凡洋, 有机化学, 2024, 44, 2961.)
(e)
(袁盼锋, 朱灿明, 孟庆元, 有机化学, 2024, 44, 2997.)
(f)
(侯虹宇, 程元元, 陈彬, 佟振合, 吴骊珠, 有机化学, 2023, 43, 1012.)
(g)
(刘俊, 彭家建, 白赢, 厉嘉云, 宋姿洁, 刘鹏, 欧阳婷, 兰慧林, 有机化学, 2023, 43, 3558.)
(h)
(i)
(j)
(k)
(l)
|
| [3] |
(a)
(b)
(c)
|
| [4] |
(a)
(b)
(c)
|
| [5] |
(a)
(方家恒, 田润妍, 陈继君, 刘心元, 有机化学, 2025, 45, 22.)
(b)
(c)
|
| [6] |
(a)
(b)
(c)
|
| [7] |
(a)
(b)
|
| [8] |
(a)
(b)
|
| [9] |
(a)
(b)
|
| [10] |
|
| [11] |
|
| [12] |
|
| [13] |
|
| [14] |
|
| [15] |
|
| [16] |
|
| [17] |
|
| [18] |
(a)
(b)
|
| [19] |
|
| [20] |
|
| [21] |
(a)
(b)
|
| [22] |
(a)
(b)
(c)
|
| [23] |
|
| [24] |
|
| [25] |
|
| [26] |
|
| [27] |
|
| [28] |
|
| [29] |
|
| [30] |
|
| [31] |
|
| [32] |
|
| [33] |
|
| [34] |
|
| [35] |
|
| [36] |
|
| [37] |
|
| [38] |
|
| [39] |
(a)
(b)
|
| [40] |
|
| [41] |
|
| [42] |
|
| [43] |
|
| [44] |
|
| [45] |
|
| [46] |
|
| [47] |
(a)
(b)
|
| [48] |
|
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |