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化学学报
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化学学报 ›› 1994, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (5): 448-455. 上一篇    下一篇

研究论文

电负性标度与电子亲和能的规律性研究I. 价电子的平均核势

李国胜;郑能武   

  1. 中国科学技术大学应用化学系.合肥(230026)
  • 发布日期:1994-05-15

A new electronegativity scale and the systematic trends of the electron affinities I. The average nuclear potential of the valence electrons

Li Guosheng;Zheng Nengwu   

  1. Univ Sci & Technol China, Dept Appl Chem.Hefei(230026)
  • Published:1994-05-15

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本文将价电子的轨道平均半径~n~l(n、l为轨道的主量子数和角量子数)引入电负性函数中,并采取与常规方法不同的方式确定有效核电荷数Z'。在此基础上,提出新的电负性标度-Z'/~n~l。该标度与Mulliken电负性有良好的线性关系,与Pauling电负性有大体上一致的周期性变化趋势。新标度有一定的物理含义,它代表价电子的平均核势,并且完全可由理论计算得到。

关键词: 价电子, 电子亲和能, 标度, 电负性, 轨道, 电荷数, 有效核电荷

In this paper, we have introduced the mean orbital radii of valence electrons (~n~l) into the electronegativity scale function for the first time and adopted a new way to determine the effective nuclear charge number (Z'). A new electronegativity scale defined as Z'/~n~l is proposed. The new scale bears a good linearship to the Mulliken electronegativity and has in general the same periodic trends with the Pauling scale, except on some specific aspects the new scale acts more like a property of an isolate atom than the Pauling's. Because the new scale relates closely to the Mulliken scale and in a sence can stand for the average nuclear potential of the valence electrons, obvious and reliable physical meanings contribute to it. Also, the new scale is theoretically calculable. The calculated results for 72 elements were presented and many detailed discussions were given.

Key words: SCALE, ELECTRONEGATIVITY, ORBITS, ELECTRIC CHARGE NUMBER, EFFECTIVE NUCLEAR CHARGE

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