化学学报 ›› 1988, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (9): 848-853. 上一篇    下一篇

研究论文

应用离子选择性电极进行溶液热力学研究IV: 氯化钠5-45℃间九个温度下由水至二甲基甲酰胺-水混合溶剂的标准转移Gibbs自由能及转移熵的测定

褚德萤;张颖;衣影;刘瑞麟   

  1. 北京大学化学系
  • 发布日期:1988-09-15

Using ion-selective electrodes to study the thermodynamics of solution IV: The standard Gibbs free energies and entropies of transfer of sodium chloride from water to N,N-dimethylformamide: Water mixture at nine temperature from 5℃ to 45℃

CHU DEYING;ZHANG YING;YI YING;LIU RUILIN   

  • Published:1988-09-15

本文应用钠离子玻璃电极及氯离子选择性电极组成无液界可逆电池, 即Cl^-选择电极|NaCl(m), w或s|Na^+玻璃电极测定电池的标准电动势, 计算NaCl从纯水到DMF-H2O混合溶剂的标准转移Gibbs自由能ΔGt°, 测定相应的电池在5℃至45℃九个温度下的电动势温度系数, 求得标准转移熵ΔSt°. 得出ΔGt°及ΔSt°随有机组份含量及温度变化的规律. 对NaCl由纯水至混合溶剂的溶剂化作用的变化, 及DMF和水的液体结构作了讨论.

关键词: 离子选择电极, DMF, 氯化钠, 溶剂效应, 熵, 自由能, 溶液化学, 热化学性质

The standard emfs. of the reversible cells without liquid junction consisting of the sodium ion glass-electrode and chloride selective electrode were measured, and the standard Gibbs free energies of transfer of NaCl from water to DMF-water mixtures were calculated The standard transfer entropies were also calculated from temps. coefficient of DG0t at nine temps. from 5 to 45? The behavior of the change of DG0t and DS0t with composition and temperature, the change of solvations of NaCl from the pure water to mixed solvents and the structure of the liquid studied are discussed.

Key words: ION SELECTIVE ELECTRODE, DMF, SODIUM CHLORIDE, SOLVENT EFFECT, ENTROPY, FREE ENERGY, SOLUTION CHEMISTRY, THERMOCHEMICAL PROPERTY

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