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化学学报
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化学学报 ›› 1963, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (4): 277-283. 上一篇    下一篇

论文

在盐的水溶液中非电解质的活度系数的研究——Ⅴ.无机盐对于邻硝基苯甲酸在水中溶度的影响

楊旦, 关宏美, 刘瑞麟, 黄子卿   

  1. 北京大学化学系
  • 投稿日期:1963-02-09 发布日期:2013-06-03

STUDIES OF ACTIVITY COEFFICIENTS OF NONELECTROLYTES IN AQUEOUS SALT SOLUTIONS——Ⅴ. THE EFFECTS OF SALTS ON THE SOLUBILITIES OF σ-NITROBENZOIC ACID IN WATER

YANG TAN, KWAN HUN-MEI, LIU JUI-LING, HUANG TZU-CHING   

  1. Department of Chemistry, Peking University
  • Received:1963-02-09 Published:2013-06-03

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365

被引次数

16

在25°,作者测定邻硝基苯甲酸在九种盐(NaCl,KCl,LiBr,NaBr,KBr,KNO3,KSCN,NaClO4和(CH3)4NBr)溶液中的溶度.关于邻硝基苯甲酸根离子在这些盐溶液中的平均活度系数,作者仿照前人作某些假設,从而計算出該酸的未离解分子在盐溶液中的活度系数fu.在本文所用的盐浓度Cs范围(从0到0.5n或1.5n),logfu对Cs的曲綫都是直綫.比較直綫的斜度值,得邻硝基苯甲酸的未离解分子的盐析次序:NaCl>LiBr>NaBr>KCl>KBr>KNO3>NaClO4>KSCN>(CH3)4NBr其中硝酸鉀和高氯酸鈉的次序,只在本文的假設无誤时才正确.具同阴离子的盐,如溴化物的次序符合阳离子大小的次序.具同阳离子的盐,如鉀盐的次序符合阴离子大小的次序.

The solubilities of o-nitrobenzoic acid in aqueous solutions of NaCl, KCl, LiBr, NaBr, KBr, KNO3, KSCN, NaClO4 and (CH3)aNBr were determined at 25℃.Following Randall and Failey, some assumptions about the activity coefficients of the ions of o-nitrobenzoic acid in salt solutions were made and thereby it was possible to calculate the activity coefficients of its undissociated molecules in these solutions.In the range of salt concentrations C, studied (the least being 0 to 0.5 n, the largest being 0 to 1.5 n), the plots of log fu vs.Cs are all straight lines.Comparison of their slopes yields the salting-out order of the undissociated part of the o-nitrobenzoic acid as follows:NaCl>LiBr>NaBr>KCl>KBr>KNO3>NaClO4>KSCN>(CH3)4NBr,in which the order between potassium nitrate and sodium perchlorate is correct, only when our assumptions about the activity coefficients are correct.