化学学报 ›› 1959, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (1): 1-9,27,28,29,30.    下一篇

论文

酯化反应的氢离子催化机构Ⅰ.单元酸与单元醇的酯化反应动力学

唐敖庆1, 岳国粹1, 丁开爽1, 朗佩珍2, 赵成大2   

  1. 1. 中国科学院应用化学研究所;
    2. 东北师范大学化学系
  • 投稿日期:1957-09-20 发布日期:2013-06-03

MECHANISM OF HYDROGEN-ION CATALYSIS IN ESTERIFICATION.——Ⅰ.STUDIES ON THE KINETICS OF ESTERIFICATION REACTIONS BETWEEN MONOBASIC ACIDS AND MONOHYDRIC ALCOHOLS.

TANG Au-CHIN1, YAO KUO-SUI1, TING KAI-SHA1, LANG PEI-CHEN2, CHAO CHENG-TA2   

  1. Institute of Applied Chemistry, Academia Sinica
  • Received:1957-09-20 Published:2013-06-03

本文建议一种新的酯化反应的氢离子催化机构,这机构与公认的酯化反应的氢离子催化机构的区别在于氢离子的来源和氢离子参与反应的详细历程,肯定氢离子不仅由外酸供给,而且也可由单元酸本身电离得来,另外,单元酸和单元醇都可作为氢离子的载体。酯化反应的功力学方程与单元酸和单元醇起始的克分子比有密切关系,应由(3)式表示。当酸与醇以等克分子比起反应,在无外酸作催化剂时,酯化反应是2(1/2)级反应;若有外酸作催化剂,当外酸的量加得适当多,由单元酸本身供给的氢离子的贡献可以忽略时,是二级反应;当外酸的量加得少,由单元酸本身供给的氢离子的贡献不可以忽略时,它不再是二级反应。当酸与醇以不等克分子比起反应,动力学方程比较复杂,实验结果亦与理论相一致。这样,我们用同一反应机构解释所有不同克分子比的单元酸与单元醇的酯化反应的实验数据。

Altliough esterification reaci,ion hetweeu monobasic acids and monohydric alcculs is a well-known chemical reaction, on which various au bhors, such as Golclschmidt, Hinslielwood, Flory and others, have done much work, but the mechanism of estexification and the or Mcr of the reaction in the absence or presenace of a foreign acid remain unclarified. For this purpose we have studied the kinetics of esterification reactions laetween lauric acid and normal octyl alcohol with eqni- or non-equimolar quantity ratios in the abseence or presence of a foreign acid at different temperatures.