化学学报 ›› 1961, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (2): 129-146. 上一篇    下一篇

二元混合酸的萃取分析

顾惕人, 傅鹰   

  1. 北京大学化学系
  • 投稿日期:1960-08-07 发布日期:2013-06-03

ANALYSIS OF BINARY ACID MIXTURES BY EXTRACTION METHOD

KU TI-REN, YING FU   

  1. Department of Chemistry, Peking University
  • Received:1960-08-07 Published:2013-06-03

在另一研究中我们需要一种简便方法以分析混合酸溶液.因所用溶剂有时是非极性的,各酸之电离度有些是很相近的,故一般的方法,如电导、混合指示剂等等皆不适用.

A systematic study on the analysis of binary acid mixtures by extraction method has been made, using ethyl ether as extractant.It has been shown that, as ordinarily carried out, this method is not applicable to systems containing strong acids.Based on the assumption that in systems containing a very weak and a strong acid, the extraction constant of the former would remain constant while that of the latter would vary with its own concentration, two procedures were proposed for such systems: (a) by successive approximation and (b) by addition of sulphuric acid.Both were found to be satisfactory.In order to test the validity of the fundamental assumption of these two procedures, a graphical method was proposed.It not only confirms the assumption but is also more accurate and coavenient whan both (a) and (b), the maximum deviation from the theoretical value being within 0.4%.When the mixture contains two strong acids, neither of the above methods is satisfactory.For such systems a standard curve method was proposed and studied in detail.Depending on the nature of the solutes, this method can be used either simply or with addition of sulphuric acid to yield satisfactory results.