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化学学报
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化学学报 ›› 1966, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (2): 153-161. 上一篇    下一篇

论文

Ⅱ.盐对糖炭吸附酸的影响

程仲彪, 顾惕人   

  1. 北京大学化学系, 物化胶化研究室
  • 投稿日期:1964-10-08 发布日期:2013-06-03

Ⅱ.THE EFFECTS OF SALTS ON ADSORPTION OF ACIDS BY SUGAR CHARCOAL

CHENG ZON-BIAO, KU TI-REN   

  1. Laboratory of Physical and Colloid Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Peking University
  • Received:1964-10-08 Published:2013-06-03

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812

被引次数

4

研究了三种盐(氯化钠、乙酸钠和丁酸钠)对三种酸(盐酸、乙酸和丁酸)吸附的影响.吸附剂是精制的糖炭,活化温度是1100°.用氢氧化钠滴定法测定吸附前后溶液酸总浓度,计算吸附量.虽然氯化钠的存在能增加盐酸、乙酸或丁酸的吸附量,但其增加吸附的原因则并不一样.氯化钠的存在使乙酸和丁酸的活度系数升高,但却使盐酸的活度系数降低,因此溶度不可能是增加吸附的唯一原因.我们认为盐酸吸附量所以增加是因为浓度的效应.在这些体系中,盐的水解吸附也可能是增加吸附的一种原因.对于乙酸+乙酸钠、丁酸+丁酸钠的体系,盐的存在使酸的吸附量减少.在此二体系中,我们认为有二种原因可以引起酸的吸附的减少:(1)盐溶效应,(2)盐本身的吸附.现有的数据还不能断定两因子的相对重要性.乙酸+丁酸钠或盐酸+丁酸钠体系的吸附等温线与丁酸+丁酸钠的相似;丁酸+乙酸钠或盐酸+乙酸钠体系的吸附等温线与乙酸+乙酸钠的相似.在这些体系中,必须考虑溶液中的电离平衡.理论的分析表明这类体系实际上是二种酸和二种盐的混合物.因所加入的盐之浓度(0.5N,1.0N)比酸的浓度(<0.1N)大很多,故电离平衡的结果使溶液中的酸主要是组成盐的那种.此推论与实验结果相符.

In this investigation we have studied the effects of salts (sodium chloride, sodium acetate and sodium butyrate) on the adsorption of acids (hydrochloric, acetic and butyric acids).The adsorbent was purified sugar charcoal (activated at 1100°).The amounts adsorbed were measured by determining the total acids remaining in the solution before and after equilibrium had been established.The solutions were analyzed by titration with sodium hydroxide.Although the adsorption of any one of these acids is increased in the presence of sodium chloride, but the factor for increasing the adsorption of different acids may be different.Salting effect cannot explain all these results, because sodium chloride decreases the activity coefficient of hydrochloric acid but increases its adsorption.