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化学学报
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化学学报 ›› 2005, Vol. 63 ›› Issue (18): 1709-1712. 上一篇    下一篇

研究论文

水＋乙醇＋碳酸钾三元溶液的跨接临界行为

马兴科1，高学艺1，安学勤1,3，沈伟国*,1,2   

  1. (1兰州大学化学系 兰州 730000)
    (2华东理工大学化学系 上海 200237)
    (3南京师范大学化学与环境科学学院 南京 210097)
  • 投稿日期:2005-01-14 修回日期:2005-05-23 发布日期:2010-12-10
  • 通讯作者: 沈伟国

Crossover Critical Behaviour in the Ternary Liquid Mixtures of Ethanol, Water and Potassium Carbonate

MA Xing-Ke1, GAO Xue-Yi1, AN Xue-Qin1,3, SHEN Wei-Guo*,1,2   

  1. (1 Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000)
    (2 Department of Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237)
    (3 College of Chemistry and Environment Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097)
  • Received:2005-01-14 Revised:2005-05-23 Published:2010-12-10
  • Contact: SHEN Wei-Guo

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水＋乙醇＋碳酸钾三元体系在DCP (double critical point)和CDP (critical double point)附近, 存在两个高临界点和一个低临界点. 改变该三元系中醇与水的比例可使DCP和CDP消失, 体系在相当大的温度范围内仅存在一个高临界点，从而使共存曲线的跨接临界行为的研究更简单和直接. 报道了水＋乙醇＋碳酸钾三元体系在醇与水的质量比例分别为0.3699和0.5042时, 温度向单一的高临界点逼近过程中共存曲线从平均场行为到3D Ising行为的跨接, 发现跨接属于非单调的类型, 此结果符合Sengers等的理论.

关键词: 电解质溶液, 单高临界点, 临界跨接

There exist two upper critical points and one lower critical point near the DCP (double critical point) and CDP (critical double point) in the ternary mixtures of ethanol, water and potassium carbonate. The DCP and CDP were avoided by changing the mass ratio of ethanol to water to reach the regions where only one upper critical point exists. In this simple region, the coexistence curves of temperature-refractive index were measured for the mass ratios of ethanol to water being 0.3699 and 0.5042 to examine the crossover critical behaviour. It was found that the crossover is nonmonotonic and consistent with Sengers’ crossover theory.

Key words: electrolyte solution, single upper critical point, critical crossover