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2012 , Vol. 70 >Issue 16: 1731 - 1736

DOI: https://doi.org/10.6023/A12070376

研究论文

水热合成α-Ni(OH)2纳米线的形成机理研究

  • 卢亚骏 ,
  • 王浩然 ,
  • 顾煜 ,
  • 徐岚 ,
  • 孙晓骏 ,
  • 邓意达
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  • 上海交通大学金属基复合材料国家重点实验室 材料科学与工程学院 上海 200240

收稿日期: 2012-07-06

  网络出版日期: 2012-07-13

基金资助

项目受国家自然科学基金(No. 51001075)、上海市优秀学科带头人(No. 11XD1402700)和上海市教委“曙光计划”跟踪(No. 10GG06)资助.

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Studies on the Growth Mechanism of Hydrothermal Synthesis of α-Ni(OH)2 Nanowires

  • Lu Yajun ,
  • Wang Haoran ,
  • Gu Yu ,
  • Xu Lan ,
  • Sun Xiaojun ,
  • Deng Yida
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  • State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240

Received date: 2012-07-06

  Online published: 2012-07-13

Supported by

Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51001075), Program of Shanghai Subject Chief Scientist (No. 11XD1402700), Following Research Project supported by the “Dawn” Program of Shanghai Education Commission (No. 10GG06).

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摘要

设计实验研究了以无机镍盐和NaOH为原料, 利用水热法制备Ni(OH)2纳米线, OH-和SO42-对于产物形貌的影响, 并利用X射线衍射(XRD), 傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR), 透射电镜(TEM)等对材料结构、形貌和成分进行了表征, 研究了Ni(OH)2纳米线形成的相关机理. 结果表明, 低的OH-浓度与高纯的SO42-水热环境是α-Ni(OH)2纳米线形成的关键因素.SO42-能够加速α-Ni(OH)2晶体沿[001]方向的生长, 而OH-含量较低时, 较低的库伦斥力不足以阻碍晶体沿[001]方向生长过程的进行.

关键词： 水热合成; α-Ni(OH)2纳米线; 形成机理

本文引用格式

卢亚骏 , 王浩然 , 顾煜 , 徐岚 , 孙晓骏 , 邓意达 . 水热合成α-Ni(OH)2纳米线的形成机理研究[J]. 化学学报, 2012 , 70(16) : 1731 -1736 . DOI: 10.6023/A12070376

Abstract

SO42- ions and OH- ions play important roles in hydrothermal synthesis of Ni(OH)2 nanostructures with only inorganic nickel salt and NaOH. The whole process could be divided into 2 parts, the preparation of Ni(OH)2 gel and its hydrothermal reaction. According to our analysis, the former one is an ionic-reaction which produces amorphous Ni(OH)2. It is the later one when Ni(OH)2 gel crystallizes that dominates the polymorph and morphology of final products. The influence of OH- on morphologies of Ni(OH)2 has been studied by changing the ratio of n(SO42-)/n(OH-). To discuss the effect of SO42- ions in hydrothermal system on crystal growth, we wash the gel which is prepared by NiCl2 and NaOH with the mixture solution of Na2SO4 and NiSO4 for different times, so that Cl- ions in the gel solution could be replaced by SO42- ions in varying degrees. Then the nanosized Ni(OH)2 products is prepared by hydrothermal treatment. Also, the samples were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). TEM results show that there will be 2 main nanostructures in different hydrothermal conditions: nanowires and nanosheets. XRD and FTIR results reveals that the nanowires is Ni(SO4)0.3(OH)1.4, one kind of α-Ni(OH)2, and the nanosheet is β-Ni(OH)2. We finally got a conclusion that low amount of OH- and pure SO42- environment is advantageous to synthesis of α-Ni(OH)2 nanowires. Since α-Ni(OH)2 is hydroxyl-deficient and consists of stacked Ni(OH)2-x layers toward which the SO42- ion has a higher affinity than other ions such as Cl- and SO42-, the SO42- ion is able to enter its interlayers. The structure is stabilized due to the strong coordination bonds between SO42- and Ni2＋ in Ni(OH)2-x layers. Also, free Ni2＋ ions in solution would be linked to intercalated SO42- through coordination bonds, so that new Ni(OH)2-x layers could form constantly and stack along the c-axis. As a result, there will be a preferential growth in the [001] direction. However, this process is not likely to continue when there is high amount of OH-, which may cause high Coulomb repulsion along the [001] direction.

Key words： hydrothermal synthesis; α-Ni(OH)2 nanowires; growth mechanism

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