CaAl类水滑石的磷酸根吸附性能及其影响因素研究
收稿日期: 2015-07-15
网络出版日期: 2015-09-15
基金资助
项目受国家973项目(No. 2013CB127401)和国家自然科学基金面上项目(No. 41271309)资助.
Exploring and Evaluation of CaAl Hydrotalcite-like Adsorbents on Phosphate Recycling
Received date: 2015-07-15
Online published: 2015-09-15
Supported by
Project supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (No. 2013CB127401) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41271309).
本研究采用共沉淀法成功制备了CaAl类水滑石(CaAl-LDH), 并运用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和热重/差示扫描量热分析(TG-DSC)技术对CaAl-LDH的形貌及热稳定性进行了表征. 利用合成含磷溶液及真实含磷污水, 探究了CaAl-LDH对磷酸根的吸附性能及其主要影响因素. 结果表明: 制备的CaAl-LDH具备类水滑石的典型六边形层片状结构以及较好的热稳定性. CaAl-LDH吸附磷酸根的规律符合Langmuir吸附等温方程, 理论最大吸附容量为162.3 mg/g. 吸附动力学过程符合假二级动力学方程. 几种竞争阴离子对吸附的干扰作用由强到弱为 CO32-> SO42-> NO3- . 吸附真实含磷污水中磷酸根时, 10 h左右达最大去除率, 可将污水中磷浓度降低到极低水平. 因此, 制备的CaAl-LDH具有很好的磷酸根吸附性能, 是一种应用前景广阔的污水磷酸根吸附回收利用材料.
关键词： CaAl-Cl类水滑石; 磷酸根; 高效吸附; 吸附动力学; 影响因素
贾云生 , 王火焰 , 赵雪松 , 刘晓伟 , 王一柳 , 范群龙 , 周健民 . CaAl类水滑石的磷酸根吸附性能及其影响因素研究[J]. 化学学报, 2015 , 73(11) : 1207 -1213 . DOI: 10.6023/A15070485
We synthesized CaAl-Cl layered double hydroxide (CaAl-LDH) by co-precipitation and evaluated its performance in phosphate adsorption. Calcium fluoride (0.25 mol) and sodium meta-aluminate (0.1 mol) were poured into a beaker that contained 0.2 mol sodium hydroxide. The suspension was aged at 25 ℃ for 4 h under vigorous stirring. The acquired sludge was filtered and washed using distilled water, dried at 60 ℃, and then ground to powder for further study. Phosphate stock solution was prepared using sodium di-hydrogen phosphate, and used for adsorption kinetic and isotherm research. The impact factors (e.g., competitive anions, adsorbent dosage, and adsorption time) of phosphate removal by CaAl-LDH were researched using industrial effluents. Adsorption processes were studied in 50 mL centrifuge tubes, with shaking by a thermostatic oscillator for planned time intervals. Mixtures were filtered through a 0.22 μm membrane before analysis. Samples before and after phosphate adsorption were characterized by scanning electron microscopy to observe morphological characteristics. Thermo-gravimetry/differential scanning calorimetry was used to study the sample thermo-stability. Metal ions (e.g. calcium, aluminum) and phosphate concentration were determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. We observed a typical hydrotalcite structure in the CaAl-LDH by scanning electron microscopy, which indicates that the obtained materials are well-defined hexagonal platelet-like particles. The synthesized CaAl-LDH had good thermo-stability based on thermo-gravimetry/differential scanning calorimetry, and pyrolysis showed four mass loss stages. From batch adsorption experiments, we found that the adsorption fitted a Langmuir model (R2=0.997) very well; the maximum adsorption capacity (qmax) of 162.3 mg/g corresponded to the experimental data (166.9 mg/g), and is significantly higher than previous reports. The adsorption kinetics followed a pseudo-second-order model (R2=0.998). Additionally, co-existing competitive anions influenced phosphate adsorption in the order of CO32-> SO42-> NO3-. Adsorbent dosage and contact time could also impact CaAl-LDH phosphate adsorption capacity. CaAl-LDH in this study could be applied in the recovery and reuse of phosphate from industrial wastewater because of its outstanding performance and stability.
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