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2020 , Vol. 78 >Issue 8: 788 - 796

DOI: https://doi.org/10.6023/A20050161

研究论文

芳基桥联的二薁二酰亚胺的设计合成及场效应晶体管性能研究

  • 侯斌 ,
  • 李晶 ,
  • 辛涵申 ,
  • 杨笑迪 ,
  • 高洪磊 ,
  • 彭培珍 ,
  • 高希珂
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  • a 中国科学院大学 中国科学院上海有机化学研究所 中国科学院有机功能分子合成与组装化学重点实验室 上海 200032;
    b 上海中医药大学 创新中药研究院 上海 201203

收稿日期: 2020-05-11

  网络出版日期: 2020-06-11

基金资助

项目受国家自然科学基金（Nos.21522209，21790362）和上海市科学技术委员会项目（Nos.19XD1424700，18JC1410600）资助.

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Design, Synthesis and Field Effect Characteristics of Diazulene Diimides Bridged by Aromatic Group

  • Hou Bin ,
  • Li Jing ,
  • Xin Hanshen ,
  • Yang Xiaodi ,
  • Gao Honglei ,
  • Peng Peizhen ,
  • Gao Xike
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  • a Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China;
    b Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China

Received date: 2020-05-11

  Online published: 2020-06-11

Supported by

Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21522209, 21790362) and the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (Nos. 19XD1424700, 18JC1410600).

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摘要

在本工作中，发展了一种新的合成策略，利用薁各位点的反应活性差异选择性地在薁的1-位进行官能团化，合成了由苯环（B）或噻吩并[3，2-b]噻吩基团（TT）桥联的二薁二酰亚胺化合物AzAzBDI-1、AzAzBDI-2和AzAzTTDI.AzAzBDI-2的单晶结构显示其具有扭曲的共轭骨架，相邻的两个分子通过分子间薁的七元环和五元环的π-π相互作用形成二聚体，二聚体与二聚体之间通过强的π-π相互作用形成滑移的一维堆积.用紫外-可见光吸收光谱和循环伏安法对三个化合物的光谱和电化学性质进行表征，计算出各分子的轨道能级和带隙.基于三个化合物的有机场效应晶体管器件（OFET）均表现出n-型主导的双极性有机半导体特性.其中AzAzTTDI表现出最优的OFET性能，其电子和空穴迁移率分别为0.087 cm2·V－1·s－1和8.8×10－3 cm2·V－1·s－1.

关键词： 薁; 非苯芳烃; 酰亚胺; 有机场效应晶体管; 有机半导体

本文引用格式

侯斌 , 李晶 , 辛涵申 , 杨笑迪 , 高洪磊 , 彭培珍 , 高希珂 . 芳基桥联的二薁二酰亚胺的设计合成及场效应晶体管性能研究[J]. 化学学报, 2020 , 78(8) : 788 -796 . DOI: 10.6023/A20050161

Abstract

Azulene, a bicyclic nonbenzenoid aromatic hydrocarbon, shows completely different physicochemical properties compared with its isomeric naphthalene. Herein, we made use of the diverse reactivity of each position on azulene to design a new synthetic strategy for azulene-based diimides bridged by phenyl or thieno[3,2-b]thiophenyl group, 2-(azulen-2'-yl)-5-(azulen-2''-yl)benzene-1,1':4,1''-tetracarboxylic diimides (AzAzBDI-1/2) and 2-(azulen-2'-yl)-5- (azulen-2''-yl)thieno[3,2-b]thiophene-3,1':6,1''-tetracarboxylic diimide (AzAzTTDI). The key step was double trifluoroacetylation at 1-position of two azulene moieties of the molecule followed by hydrolysis, anhydridization and imidization to obtain the target compounds. The single crystal structure analysis demonstrates that AzAzBDI-2 has twisted molecular backbone. The adjacent two molecules form a dimer through the intermolecular π-π stacking (0.365 nm) between the five-membered ring and the seven-membered ring of two different azulene units. Strong π-π intermolecular interactions (0.355 nm) exist among the dimers to form a slipped one-dimensional (1D) packing motif in the crystal. For three compounds, the optoelectronic properties were investigated by UV-vis absorption spectra and cyclic voltammetry, and their energy levels of highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) and the energy gaps were calculated. The HOMO/LUMO energy levels of AzAzBDI-1, AzAzBDI-2 and AzAzTTDI are －5.56/－3.28 eV, －5.56/ －3.30 eV and －5.57/－3.42 eV, respectively. The end absorptions of AzAzBDI-1, AzAzBDI-2 and AzAzTTDI in thin films show obvious red-shift (13, 13 and 25 nm) relative to those in CHCl3 solution, indicating strong intermolecular interactions in solid state. The charge carrier transport properties of three compounds were studied through organic field-effect transistors (OFETs). Bottom-gate and top-contact OFET devices of AzAzBDI-1, AzAzBDI-2 and AzAzTTDI were fabricated by spin-coated their respective solution on octadecyltrimethoxysilane (OTMS)-treated SiO2/Si substrates. Under nitrogen atmosphere, all of these three compounds displayed electron-dominated ambipolar organic semiconductor characteristics. The electron mobilities of AzAzBDI-1 and AzAzBDI-2 were 0.068 cm2·V－1·s－1 and 0.086 cm2·V－1·s－1 and the hole mobility were 3.1×10－4 cm2·V－1·s－1 and 1.5×10－3 cm2·V－1·s－1, respectively. OFETs based on AzAzTTDI showed the highest electron mobility and hole mobilities of 0.087 cm2·V－1·s－1 and 8.8×10－3 cm2·V－1·s－1, respectively. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) studies demonstrate thin films of AzAzBDI-1, AzAzBDI-2 and AzAzTTDI show better crystallinity and form larger size of microstructures by annealing, which is consistent with the enhanced device performance after thermal annealing.

Key words： azulene; nonbenzenoid aromatic hydrocarbon; imides; organic field-effect transistors; organic semiconductor

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