磷酸胆碱是一类两性型表面活性剂, 在生物领域被广泛应用. 当把它的疏水部分由碳氢链段替换为含氟链段时, 磷酸胆碱表面活性剂的界面性质会呈现出明显差异. 将含氟链段引入到磷酸胆碱中丰富了它的种类拓展了它的应用. 本工作合成了一种氟醚磷酸胆碱表面活性剂, 在含氟链段中插入氧原子, 使含氟链段更加多样化. 对氟醚磷酸胆碱的表面活性、泡沫性能及润湿性能进行了一系列探究, 实验结果表明, 氟醚磷酸胆碱具有低表面张力、泡沫性能好、可在聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)上润湿等优点, 是一类具有良好应用前景的表面活性剂.

Amphoteric phosphocholine as a family of mild surfactants are widely used in biology due to their phosphate structure related to naturally occurring membrane lipids. Changing its hydrophobic part to the fluorocarbon counterparts, it was found that the interfacial properties of phosphocholine surfactants exhibit significant differences. Currently, the research on fluorinated phosphocholine surfactants is limited and lacks types of fluorinated hydrophobic structures. We found that oxygen atoms exhibit specificity in fluorinated surfactants in our previous works. In this work, a kind of phosphocholine containing a fluoroether hydrophobic chain was synthesized, and its interfacial properties, foam properties, and wetting properties were studied. At the beginning, we conducted a substitution reaction using fluoroether alcohols and 2-chloro-2-oxo-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane as raw materials, triethylamine as a base, and tetrahydrofuran (THF) as a solvent under ice bath. Then, the intermediate C72-P is obtained through distillation, which is a transparent viscous liquid with a yield of 70%. The next step is to dissolve the C72-P with trimethylamine (2 mol/L in THF) in acetonitrile at 70 ℃ for 48 h. Finally, a fluoroether phosphocholine surfactant was obtained and purified through column chromatography to give C72-MPB in 90% yield. Under the same conditions, a fluorinated linear phosphocholine surfactant 6:2-MPB was prepared using perfluorohexyl ethanol, which is a white solid with a overall yield of 60%. The phosphocholine fluorinated surfactants C72-MPB and 6:2-MPB were diluted with distilled water to obtain various concentrations of solutions, the surface properties were measured by surface tension instrument Krüss K100C, and the surface tension was measured by Wilhelmy platinum plate method. On the other hand, the performance of foam under two different concentrations of C72-MPB was tested by bubbling method, and the morphology of foam was observed. C72-MPB solution was dropped onto the surface of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), contact angle on PTFE was measured, and its wettability at different time was recorded. The results show that the new fluoroether phosphocholine surfactant has good solubility, low surface tension, good wettability, good foam stability. Fluoroether phosphocholine surfactants have potential utility value in the field of life sciences and medicine. It is a kind of surfactant with excellent application prospects.