Heavy Metal-nZVI Reactions: the Core-shell Structure and Applications for Heavy Metal Treatment

doi:10.6023/A17020051

Acta Chim. Sinica ›› 2017, Vol. 75 ›› Issue (6): 529-537.DOI: 10.6023/A17020051 Previous Articles Next Articles

Special Issue: 铁环境化学

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纳米零价铁与重金属的反应:“核-壳”结构在重金属去除中的作用

黄潇月, 王伟, 凌岚, 张伟贤

同济大学环境科学与工程学院污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室上海 200092

投稿日期:2017-02-13 发布日期:2017-04-12
通讯作者: 凌岚, 张伟贤 E-mail:linglan@tongji.edu.cn;zhangwx@tongji.edu.cn
基金资助:
项目受国家自然科学基金（Nos.21677107，51578398）资助.

Heavy Metal-nZVI Reactions: the Core-shell Structure and Applications for Heavy Metal Treatment

Huang Xiao-yue, Wang Wei, Ling Lan, Zhang Wei-xian

State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092

Received:2017-02-13 Published:2017-04-12
Contact: 10.6023/A17020051 E-mail:linglan@tongji.edu.cn;zhangwx@tongji.edu.cn
Supported by:
Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21677107, 51578398).

Heavy metals are nonbiodegradable and bioaccumulative contaminants with high toxicity, thus heavy metal contamination and treatment have been hot research topics in recent years. Nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) has received considerable attentions for its potential as a remedial agent for heavy metal sequestration and immobilization. In this paper, an overview is provided highlighting recent research progress on heavy metal-nZVI reactions, both laboratory studies and engineering applications are discussed. The core-shell structure with the core being metallic and the shell being iron oxides and the surface chemistry properties endow nZVI with unique and multifaceted functions for heavy metal removal including sorption, reduction and precipitation. Particle size of nZVI is in the range of nanoscale that imparts it with large specific surface area, high surface activity, and high density of reactive surface sites. A hybrid of effects, including instant separation, isolation, immobilization, and toxicity reduction can be achieved at the same time, making nZVI an effective remedial reagent for various heavy metals. Recent progress in instrumental analysis, especially the development of high-resolution electron microscopy, offers much-enhanced capability and new insights into the core-shell nature of nZVI and mechanisms of the heavy metal-nZVI reactions on a single nanoparticle. Research results obtained from a spherical aberration corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy (Cs-STEM) integrated with high sensitive X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) provide detailed information on the fine structural features of nZVI and the intraparticle reactions with individual nanoparticles. Technical feasibility and operational advantages of using nZVI for the treatment of industrial wastewater are assessed through systematic laboratory and pilot scale studies. Based on the encouraging results of bench-scale experiments, we have successfully applied nZVI for large scale applications of nZVI for treatment of industrial wastewater containing heavy metals such as Cu, As, Pb and Zn. The long-term operation results show tremendous potentials of nZVI-based process as an efficient method for heavy metal treatment.

Key words: heavy metal, nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI), core-shell structure, reaction mechanisms, STEM, environmental applications

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Huang Xiao-yue, Wang Wei, Ling Lan, Zhang Wei-xian. Heavy Metal-nZVI Reactions: the Core-shell Structure and Applications for Heavy Metal Treatment[J]. Acta Chim. Sinica, 2017, 75(6): 529-537.

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纳米零价铁与重金属的反应:“核-壳”结构在重金属去除中的作用

Heavy Metal-nZVI Reactions: the Core-shell Structure and Applications for Heavy Metal Treatment

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