Controllable Synthesis of One-dimensional Cryptomelane-type Manganese Dioxide and Its Electrochemical Performance

doi:10.6023/A17090418

Abstract

Cryptomelane-type manganese dioxide (OMS-2) is a very important nanomaterial in electrochemistry. Its intrinsic properties can be tailored by controlling shape or size. The diameter of one-dimensional OMS-2 nanomaterial is an important parameter in controllable synthesis and electrochemistry applications. Generally, the control of the diameter of one-dimensional OMS-2 nanomaterial can be realized by cosolvents or surfactants, even other special methods. In this paper, without any acid added, a series of one-dimensional OMS-2 nanomaterial with different diameters were synthesized by adjusting the ratio of potassium permanganate to manganese sulfate monohydrate in the aqueous solution with the conditional reflux method. The typical samples were characterized in detail by N₂ adsorption-desorption analyses (BET), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and hydrogen temperature-programmed reduction (H₂-TPR). The results reconfirmed that the growth of OMS-2 nanofibers and nanowires mainly followed the lateral attachment mechanism. The role of Oswald ripening in the growth of one-dimensional OMS-2 nanomaterials was making two or more primary thinner nanofibers or nanowires welded together. In the synthesis process, all the conditions were strictly controlled. The samples synthesized at low ratio of MnO₄^- to Mn²⁺ showed thinner and longer nanofibers or nanowires, and the samples synthesized at high ratio of MnO₄^- to Mn²⁺ exhibited higher diameter. Therefore, it can be concluded that MnO₄^- can promote the lateral growth of one-dimensional OMS-2 nanomaterials and Mn²⁺ tends to promote the longitudinal growth. In the electrochemical tests, when the ratio of potassium permanganate to manganese sulfate monohydrate increased from 0.15 to 1.80, the specific capacitance of one-dimensional OSM-2 nanomaterials decreased gradually. Therefore, the specific capacitance of one-dimensional OSM-2 nanomaterial was directly related to their diameters. The smaller the diameter is, the larger the capacitance is. The specific capacitance of MnO-15, MnO-45, MnO-112 and MnO-180 was 375, 230, 144 and 77 F/g, respectively. The result of galvanostatic charge and discharge of four samples at the current density of 1 A/g in 1 mol/L Na₂SO₄ solution was consistent with the cyclic voltammetry.

Key words: manganese oxide, one-dimensional, diameter, electrochemistry

Cite this article

Zhang Chengming, Pang Xin, Wang Yongzhao. Controllable Synthesis of One-dimensional Cryptomelane-type Manganese Dioxide and Its Electrochemical Performance[J]. Acta Chim. Sinica, 2018, 76(2): 133-137.

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