Current Advances of Solid Acid Catalysts
Received date: 2024-09-24
Online published: 2024-11-14
Supported by
National Science and Technology Major Project of China(2022YFB350400); National Natural Science Foundation of China(22020102003); National Natural Science Foundation of China(22025506); National Natural Science Foundation of China(22271274); National Natural Science Foundation of China(U23A20140); Jilin Province Science and Technology Development Plan Project(20230101022JC)
With the increasing awareness of environmental protection and the in-depth implementation of sustainable development strategies, the commonly used liquid acid catalysts in traditional chemical production processes are facing the pressure of elimination or substitution due to their high corrosiveness, difficulty in recycling and potential environmental impact. Solid acids, renowned for their straightforward preparation, minimal ecological footprint, and exceptional catalytic prowess, have become the focus of scientific research and industrial attention. Currently, solid acid catalysts have been proven to be efficient in catalyzing diverse chemical reactions such as alkylation, isomerization, and esterification reactions. Nevertheless, their extensive industrial adoption is significantly hindered by the challenges of suboptimal stability and limited reusability. Developing advanced solid acid catalysts with high activity and stability is of great value and significance in both theoretical research and experimental exploration. A significant amount of notable fundamental research has been devoted to overcoming these limitations, and this review summarizes the scientific and technological work dedicated to preparing efficient solid acid catalysts. At the same time, we highlight the importance of rare earth elements for modification of solid acid catalysts due to their unique multi-electronic bonding and coordinated variability nature, which can have a positive effect on the structural evolution of acid catalysts, thereby improving the activity and stability of solid acid catalysts. This review initially presents concept, classification, synthesis methods and characterization of commonly used solid acid catalysts. Beyond that, we introduce the represented research progress of rare earth elements modified solid acid catalysts. The main emphasis of this review is investigating the contribution of acid properties to the catalytic performance (e.g., acid strength, acid content, type of acid sites, etc.), rather than the traditional physical and chemical properties (e.g., specific surface area, crystalline structure, morphology, etc.). Finally, we present the challenges of the existing catalytic systems and prospects of this field.
Key words： solid acid; catalyst; synthesis; characterization; rare earth
Yu Zhang , Rui Zhang , Zijian Wang , Xiao Wang , Shuyan Song , Hongjie Zhang . Current Advances of Solid Acid Catalysts[J]. Acta Chimica Sinica, 2025 , 83(2) : 152 -169 . DOI: 10.6023/A24090289
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