Recent Advances in Sulfoxide Synthesis via Sulfinyl Building Blocks

doi:10.6023/cjoc202510008

Chinese Journal of Organic Chemistry ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (4): 1635-1658.DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202510008 Previous Articles Next Articles

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关于亚磺酰基砌块法合成亚砜的研究进展

邹震雷^a^,^b^,^d^,^†, 李益凡^b^,^c^,^†, 陈晨^a, 陈王哲^b, 张为钢^b^,^*(), 王毅^b^,^d^,^*()

^a 铜陵学院电气工程学院安徽省光电子应用工程技术研究中心仿生能源实验室安徽铜陵 244000
^b 南京大学化学化工学院配位化学国家重点实验室光刻胶材料教育部工程研究中心江苏南京 210033
^c 宿迁学院生物与材料工程学院江苏宿迁 223800
^d 马鞍山南大高新技术研究院安徽马鞍山 238200

收稿日期:2025-10-14 修回日期:2025-11-19 发布日期:2026-01-06
通讯作者: 张为钢, 王毅
作者简介:
^†共同第一作者.
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(22071101); 国家自然科学基金(22271147); 国家自然科学基金(22471123); 国家自然科学基金(22401144); 铜陵学院基金(2023tlxyrc15); 铜陵学院基金(2025tlxyxdz146)

Recent Advances in Sulfoxide Synthesis via Sulfinyl Building Blocks

Zhenlei Zou^a^,^b^,^d, Yifan Li^b^,^c, Chen Chen^a, Wangzhe Chen^b, Weigang Zhang^b^,^*(), Yi Wang^b^,^d^,^*()

^a Anhui Technology Research Center of Optoelectronic Technology Appliance, Biomimetic Energy Laboratory, School of Electrical Engineering, Tongling University, Tongling, Anhui 244000
^b State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of Photoresist Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210033
^c School of Biological and Materials Engineering, Suqian University, Suqian, Jiangsu 210033
^d Maanshan High-Tech Research Institute of Nanjing University, Maanshan, Anhui 238200

Received:2025-10-14 Revised:2025-11-19 Published:2026-01-06
Contact: Weigang Zhang, Yi Wang
About author:
^†The authors contributed equally to this work.
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(22071101); National Natural Science Foundation of China(22271147); National Natural Science Foundation of China(22471123); National Natural Science Foundation of China(22401144); Science Foundation of Tongling University(2023tlxyrc15); Science Foundation of Tongling University(2025tlxyxdz146)

The diverse oxidation states of sulfur enable unique chemical reactivity in its compounds, underpinning their essential functions in modern synthetic methodologies, pharmaceutical design, and materials science. Particularly, sulfoxides and their derivatives have assumed a central strategic position due to their distinctive physicochemical properties and extensive bioactivities, making the development of their synthetic methodologies a burgeoning research focus in recent years. Innovative synthetic strategies utilizing sulfinyl cations, sulfinyl anions, and sulfinyl radicals as key sulfinyl building blocks have significantly advanced the efficient construction of sulfoxide scaffolds. These approaches have markedly enhanced synthetic efficiency and selectivity, providing a robust toolkit for accessing diverse sulfoxide frameworks. This review systematically summarizes recent progress, highlights novel synthetic strategies, and analyzes the associated reaction mechanisms, thereby providing insights and guidance for future research in related fields.

Key words: sulfoxide synthesis, sulfiny building blocks, sulfinyl cation, sulfinyl anion, sulfinyl radical

Cite this article

Zhenlei Zou, Yifan Li, Chen Chen, Wangzhe Chen, Weigang Zhang, Yi Wang. Recent Advances in Sulfoxide Synthesis via Sulfinyl Building Blocks[J]. Chinese Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2026, 46(4): 1635-1658.

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Fig. & Tab. 35

Figure 1. Synthesis strategy of sulfoxide compounds

Figure 2. Synthesis strategy of sulfinyl cationic blocks

Figure 3. Direct synthesis of 3-arylsulfinylindoles from arylsulfinic acids and indoles in water

Figure 4. C—H sulfinylation of heteroarenes

Figure 5. Sulfinylation of organometallic reagents with sulfinate esters

Figure 6. Palladium-catalyzed sulfinylation of aryl- and alkenylborons with sulfinate esters

Figure 7. Regioselective C7 sulfinylation of 4-aminoindoles

Figure 8. Synthesis of chiral sulfinate esters by pentanidium cation

Figure 9. Synthesis of sulfoxides and sulfinate esters by pyridine N-oxides

Figure 10. One-pot synthesis of axially chiral sulfoxides

Figure 11. Typical sulfoxide anion source

Figure 12. Discovery and previous application of β-sulfoxide esters

Figure 13. Application of arylation and deuterated methylation reactions of β-sulfoxide esters

Figure 14. Palladium-catalyzed coupling reaction of β-sulfoxide esters with thianthronium salt aromas

Figure 15. Palladium-catalyzed coupling reaction of β-sulfoxide silane with aryl halides

Figure16. Synthesize sulfoxides and sulfenamides by using benzyl-2-pyridine sulfoxide reagent

Figure 17. Synthesize sulfoxides and sulfenamides by using sulfenyl hydrazide reagent

Figure 18. Palladium-catalyzed coupling reaction of tert-butyl sulfoxide with aryl halides

Figure 19. Chiral catalysts induce the synthesis of highly stereoselective sulfoxide compounds

Figure 20. Palladium-catalyzed coupling reaction of β-sulfoxide esters with thianthronium salt aromas

Figure 21. Nickel-catalyzed asymmetric coupling reaction of β-sulfoxide esters with alkynes

Figure 22. Nickel-catalyzed asymmetric coupling reaction of β-sulfoxide esters with dienes

Figure 23. Development and challenges of sulfenyl radicals

Figure 24. Synthetic exploration of sulfinyl radicals using sulfinyl sulfones

Figure 25. Possible mechanism

Figure 26. Photocatalytic decarboxylation sulfinylation reaction

Figure 27. Photocatalytic activation of C(sp3)—H bond sulfinylation reaction

Figure 28. Photocatalytic Sandmeyer-type sulfenylation reaction

Figure 29. Iron-catalyzed C(sp3)—H sulfinylation

Figure 30. Access to sulfoxides under NHC/photocatalysis

Figure 31. Photo/copper catalytic decarboxylative radical sulfinylation

Figure 32. Directed sulfinylation of distal C(sp3)—H bonds by photo/copper catalysis

Figure 33. Application of N-(trifluoromethanesulfinyl)phthalimide

Figure 34. Discovery and application of the new trifluoromethylsulfoxide reagent

Figure35. Photocatalyzed methylsulfoxidation of (het)aryl diazonium salts using DMSO

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Recent Advances in Sulfoxide Synthesis via Sulfinyl Building Blocks

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