Recent Advances in Earth-Abundant Metal-Catalyzed Oxidative Degradation of Polyolefins

doi:10.6023/cjoc202603020

Chinese Journal of Organic Chemistry ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (7): 2544-2562.DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202603020 Previous Articles Next Articles

REVIEW

丰产金属催化的聚烯烃氧化降解研究进展

严睿杰^a, 俞亦涵^a, 石宏伟^a^,^*(), 焦宁^a^,^b^,^c

^a 北京大学药学院新基石科学实验室北京 100191
^b 中国科学院上海有机化学研究所金属有机化学国家重点实验室上海 200032
^c 香港创新科技署Health@InnoHK 合成化学与化学生物学实验室有限公司香港 999077

收稿日期:2026-03-15 修回日期:2026-05-17 发布日期:2026-06-03
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(22401010); 国家自然科学基金(22293014); 国家自然科学基金(22131002); 国家自然科学基金(22161142019); 国家重点研发计划(2021YFA1501700)

Recent Advances in Earth-Abundant Metal-Catalyzed Oxidative Degradation of Polyolefins

Ruijie Yan^a, Yihan Yu^a, Hongwei Shi^a^,^*(), Ning Jiao^a^,^b^,^c

^a State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Chemical Biology Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191
^b State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032
^c Laboratory for Synthetic Chemistry and Chemical Biology Limited, Health@InnoHK, Innovation and Technology Commission, Hong Kong 999077

Received:2026-03-15 Revised:2026-05-17 Published:2026-06-03
Contact: *E-mail: hwshi@bjmu.edu.cn
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(22401010); National Natural Science Foundation of China(22293014); National Natural Science Foundation of China(22131002); National Natural Science Foundation of China(22161142019); National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFA1501700)

Catalytic oxidative degradation of polyolefins represents one of the important pathways for achieving resource recycling of plastics. In recent years, earth-abundant metal catalysts have demonstrated significant advantages in this field, enabling efficient and highly selective oxidative transformation of polyolefins. This offers promising potential for developing green, economical, and scalable novel chemical recycling processes for plastics. This review systematically summarizes recent advances in the catalytic oxidative degradation of polyolefins using earth-abundant metals, with a focus on their application examples in the conversion of actual plastic waste. Furthermore, the current challenges and future research directions in this field are outlined and discussed.

Key words: earth-abundant metal catalysis, polyolefins, plastic degradation, oxidation reaction, carbon-carbon bond activation

Cite this article

Ruijie Yan, Yihan Yu, Hongwei Shi, Ning Jiao. Recent Advances in Earth-Abundant Metal-Catalyzed Oxidative Degradation of Polyolefins[J]. Chinese Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2026, 46(7): 2544-2562.

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Catalyst	Conditions	Plastic	Product (Yield/%)	Ref.
PSA-1-TiO	O₂ (0.1 MPa), 370 nm, r.t., 4 h	PS	BA (18~40)	[33]
TS-1	Air (1.5 MPa), H₂O, 140~200 ℃, 12 h	PP/PE	Oil-DA (59~85)	[39]
VO(acac)₂/MBTB	PEG-400, 400~440 nm, NaOAc, 120 ℃, 24 h	PS	BA (58~89)	[30]
VO(acac)₂	O₂ (101 kPa), White LED, DCM, r.t., 1~7 d	PE/PP/ PS/PVC	FA (3.1~28.9); AA (20.7~35.5); BA (24.1~27.9); FA (82)	[32]
Mn₂O₃ aerogel	O₂, CO₂ (10 MPa), 135 ℃, 24 h	PP	AA (8); BA (2)	[27]
Mn(OAc)₂	O₂(1.5 MPa), NHPI, EA/AcOH (V∶V=2∶1), 150 ℃, 5 h	PS	BA (32~46); TA (7~11)	[38]
Co(NO₃)₂/Mn(NO₃)₂	O₂(0.2~0.4 MPa), NHPI, AcOH, 150 ℃, 12 h	PE/PS	BA (21~71); DA (22~39)	[34,35]
CoCl₂/MnSO₄	O₂(101 kPa)/air flow, HBr, ⁿBuOAc, 120 ℃, 1~3.5 d	PE/PP/PS	FA (41~77); AA (>100); BA (60~65); DA (5~26)	[21]
FeCl₂	CH₃(CH₂)₈N₃, DDQ, H₂O, TFA, 60 ℃, 5 h	PS	PhNH(CH₂)₈CH₃ (17)	[26]
FeCl₃	O₂(101 kPa)/air flow, 390 nm, acetone, TBACl, TCE, r.t., 5 d	PS	BA (54~67)	[28]
FeCl₂	O₂(101 kPa), 400 nm, DCE/MeCN or acetone, r.t., 20 h	PS	BA (56~67)	[29]
FeCl₂	O₂(101 kPa)/air flow, white LED, acetone, r.t., 20 h	PS	BA (2~16)	[31]
Fe(acac)₂	O₂(2 MPa), urea, ^tBuOH, 180 ℃, 24 h	PP	MeCN (5~18); MeCONH₂ (16~36); (Me)₂CO (13~15)	[22]
Fe(TPP)Cl, LiClO₄	O₂(101 kPa), undivided cell, 8 mA, DCM/ MeCN (V∶V=2∶1), AcOH, r.t., 24 h	PS	BA (6~11)	[36]
Fe(TPP)Cl, LiClO₄	O₂ (101 kPa), 390 nm, undivided cell, 4 mA, 1, 2-DCB/MeCN V∶V=2∶1), AcOH, r.t., 18 h	PS/PE/ PVC/PVDF	BA (38~56); FA (11~19)	[37]
CuBr	O₂(2 MPa), H₂O, MeCN, 200 ℃, 15 h	PS	PhCN (15~32); PhCONH₂ (26~42); PhCOOH (3~12)	[24]
(1) CuCl₂, CaCl₂; (2) Cu(NO₃)₂	(1) O₂ (101 kPa), Blue LED, MeCN/benzene, r.t., 72 h; (2) MeCN, 140 ℃, 24 h	PS	BA (46~65)	[40]
C₃N₄/MoS₂	Xe lamp, H₂O, r.t., 24 h	PE/PP	ROH (80); CO_x (3); RCOOH (17)	[41]
NiO/TiO₂	Air (1 MPa), H₂O, 200 ℃, 18 h	PS	PhCOOH (39~52)	[23]
NiO/CeO₂	(1) Air (2.5 MPa), NH₃(0.5 MPa), 220 ℃, 2 h; (2) N₂, 280 ℃, 4 h	PS	PhCN (43~53)	[42]

Catalyst	Conditions	Plastic	Product (Yield/%)	Ref.
PSA-1-TiO	O₂ (0.1 MPa), 370 nm, r.t., 4 h	PS	BA (18~40)	[33]
TS-1	Air (1.5 MPa), H₂O, 140~200 ℃, 12 h	PP/PE	Oil-DA (59~85)	[39]
VO(acac)₂/MBTB	PEG-400, 400~440 nm, NaOAc, 120 ℃, 24 h	PS	BA (58~89)	[30]
VO(acac)₂	O₂ (101 kPa), White LED, DCM, r.t., 1~7 d	PE/PP/ PS/PVC	FA (3.1~28.9); AA (20.7~35.5); BA (24.1~27.9); FA (82)	[32]
Mn₂O₃ aerogel	O₂, CO₂ (10 MPa), 135 ℃, 24 h	PP	AA (8); BA (2)	[27]
Mn(OAc)₂	O₂(1.5 MPa), NHPI, EA/AcOH (V∶V=2∶1), 150 ℃, 5 h	PS	BA (32~46); TA (7~11)	[38]
Co(NO₃)₂/Mn(NO₃)₂	O₂(0.2~0.4 MPa), NHPI, AcOH, 150 ℃, 12 h	PE/PS	BA (21~71); DA (22~39)	[34,35]
CoCl₂/MnSO₄	O₂(101 kPa)/air flow, HBr, ⁿBuOAc, 120 ℃, 1~3.5 d	PE/PP/PS	FA (41~77); AA (>100); BA (60~65); DA (5~26)	[21]
FeCl₂	CH₃(CH₂)₈N₃, DDQ, H₂O, TFA, 60 ℃, 5 h	PS	PhNH(CH₂)₈CH₃ (17)	[26]
FeCl₃	O₂(101 kPa)/air flow, 390 nm, acetone, TBACl, TCE, r.t., 5 d	PS	BA (54~67)	[28]
FeCl₂	O₂(101 kPa), 400 nm, DCE/MeCN or acetone, r.t., 20 h	PS	BA (56~67)	[29]
FeCl₂	O₂(101 kPa)/air flow, white LED, acetone, r.t., 20 h	PS	BA (2~16)	[31]
Fe(acac)₂	O₂(2 MPa), urea, ^tBuOH, 180 ℃, 24 h	PP	MeCN (5~18); MeCONH₂ (16~36); (Me)₂CO (13~15)	[22]
Fe(TPP)Cl, LiClO₄	O₂(101 kPa), undivided cell, 8 mA, DCM/ MeCN (V∶V=2∶1), AcOH, r.t., 24 h	PS	BA (6~11)	[36]
Fe(TPP)Cl, LiClO₄	O₂ (101 kPa), 390 nm, undivided cell, 4 mA, 1, 2-DCB/MeCN V∶V=2∶1), AcOH, r.t., 18 h	PS/PE/ PVC/PVDF	BA (38~56); FA (11~19)	[37]
CuBr	O₂(2 MPa), H₂O, MeCN, 200 ℃, 15 h	PS	PhCN (15~32); PhCONH₂ (26~42); PhCOOH (3~12)	[24]
(1) CuCl₂, CaCl₂; (2) Cu(NO₃)₂	(1) O₂ (101 kPa), Blue LED, MeCN/benzene, r.t., 72 h; (2) MeCN, 140 ℃, 24 h	PS	BA (46~65)	[40]
C₃N₄/MoS₂	Xe lamp, H₂O, r.t., 24 h	PE/PP	ROH (80); CO_x (3); RCOOH (17)	[41]
NiO/TiO₂	Air (1 MPa), H₂O, 200 ℃, 18 h	PS	PhCOOH (39~52)	[23]
NiO/CeO₂	(1) Air (2.5 MPa), NH₃(0.5 MPa), 220 ℃, 2 h; (2) N₂, 280 ℃, 4 h	PS	PhCN (43~53)	[42]

Entry	Plastic	Oil/PE feedstock
1	PP	59%
2	LLDPE	72%
3	LDPE	85%
4	HDPE/LDPE/LDPE/PP (V/V/V/V=1/1/1/1)	68%
5	SF Bag	82%
6	White Bag	61%

Entry	Plastic	Oil/PE feedstock
1	PP	59%
2	LLDPE	72%
3	LDPE	85%
4	HDPE/LDPE/LDPE/PP (V/V/V/V=1/1/1/1)	68%
5	SF Bag	82%
6	White Bag	61%

Entry	Condition	Selectivity/%
Entry	Condition	FA	AA	PA	Acetone
1	O₂/PP (V∶V ≈ 1.5)	68	14	6	12
2	sc CO₂, O₂/PP (V∶V ≈ 1.5)	34	28	10	28
3	Mn₂O₃, O₂/PP (V∶V ≈ 1.5)	82	8	2	8

丰产金属催化的聚烯烃氧化降解研究进展

Recent Advances in Earth-Abundant Metal-Catalyzed Oxidative Degradation of Polyolefins

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Entry	Catalyst	Plastic	Yield/%
Entry	Catalyst	Plastic	OH	COOH	CO_x
1	C₃N₄	PP		47.0	53.0
2	MoS₂/C₃N₄-20%	PP	67.6	21.3	11.1
3	MoS₂/C₃N₄-50%	PP	69.8	26.3	3.9
4	MoS₂/C₃N₄-100%	PP	80.3	17.1	2.6
5	C₃N₄	PE		27.2	72.8
6	MoS₂/C₃N₄-100%	PE	54.3	22.5	23.2

Entry	Catalyst	Plastic	Yield/%
Entry	Catalyst	Plastic	OH	COOH	CO_x
1	C₃N₄	PP		47.0	53.0
2	MoS₂/C₃N₄-20%	PP	67.6	21.3	11.1
3	MoS₂/C₃N₄-50%	PP	69.8	26.3	3.9
4	MoS₂/C₃N₄-100%	PP	80.3	17.1	2.6
5	C₃N₄	PE		27.2	72.8
6	MoS₂/C₃N₄-100%	PE	54.3	22.5	23.2