化学学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 75 ›› Issue (8): 770-782.DOI: 10.6023/A17050194 上一篇    下一篇

综述

光控释药型药物递送系统的研究进展

张留伟, 钱明, 王静云   

  1. 大连理工大学生命科学与技术学院 大连 116024
  • 投稿日期:2017-05-02 发布日期:2017-08-16
  • 通讯作者: 王静云,E-mail:wangjingyun67@dlut.edu.cn E-mail:wangjingyun67@dlut.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:张留伟,大连理工大学2016级在读博士生,主要从事生物纳米新材料的研究;钱明,大连理工大学2015级在读博士生,主要从事活细胞内生物分子可视化荧光探针及生物材料的研究;王静云,教授,博士生导师.2001年毕业于大连理工大学获得博士学位,2002~2004年美国西北大学(Northwestern University)化学系博士后,主要从事活细胞内生物分子可视化荧光探针和生物纳米新材料的研究.
  • 基金资助:

    项目受国家自然科学基金(Nos.21376039,U1608222)资助.

Progress in Research of Photo-controlled Drug Delivery Systems

Zhang Liuwei, Qian Ming, Wang Jingyun   

  1. School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024
  • Received:2017-05-02 Published:2017-08-16
  • Contact: 10.6023/A17050194 E-mail:wangjingyun67@dlut.edu.cn
  • Supported by:

    Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.21376039,U1608222).

释药可控的药物递送系统能够在特定刺激条件下,在时间和空间上精确实现在病灶处释放包载的药物分子,具有药物利用率高、毒副作用低等诸多优点,为各种重大疾病,如肿瘤的精准治疗提供了新思路.在众多的可控释药递送系统中,利用特定光照控制药物释放的光控释药型药物递送系统展现出广阔的应用潜力,受到研究者的广泛关注.近年来,基于不同光响应机理的光控释药型药物递送系统被设计开发用于药物的精确可控释放,本文介绍了四种光敏感基团的不同光响应机理,对基于不同光响应机理的光控释药型药物递送系统的研究进展进行了综述,指出现有光控释药型药物递送系统存在的问题及对未来的研究方向进行了展望.

关键词: 光响应, 光控释放, 纳米载体, 药物递送系统, 癌症治疗

The controlled drug delivery systems, due to their precise control of drug release in spatiotemporal level triggered by specific stimulating factors and advantages such as higher utilization ratio of drug, less side-effects to normal tissues and so forth, provide a new strategy for the precise treatment of many serious diseases, especially tumors. The materials that constitute the controlled drug delivery systems are called "smart materials" and they can respond to the stimuli of some internal (pH, redox, enzymes, etc.) or external (temperature, electrical/magnetic, ultrasonic and optica l,etc.) environments. Before and after the response to the specific stimulus, the composition or conformational of smart materials will be changed, damaging the original balance of the delivery systems and releasing the drug from the delivery systems. Amongst them, the photo-controlled drug delivery systems, which display drug release controlled by light, demonstrated extensive potential applications, and received wide attention from researchers. In recent years, photo-controlled drug delivery systems based on different photo-responsive groups have been designed and developed for precise photo-controlled release of drugs. Herein, in this review, we introduced four photo-responsive groups including photocleavage groups, photoisomerization groups, photo-induced rearrangement groups and photocrosslinking groups, and their different photo-responsive mechanisms. Firstly, the photocleavage groups represented by O-nitrobenzyl are able to absorb the energy of the photons, inducing the cleavage of some specific covalent bonds. Secondly, azobenzenes, as a kind of photoisomerization groups, are able to convert reversibly between the apolar trans form and the polar cis form upon different light irradiation. Thirdly, 2-diazo-1,2-naphthoquinone as the representative of the photo-induced rearrangement groups will absorb specific photon energy, carrying out Wolff rearrangement reaction. Finally, coumarin is a promising category photocrosslinking groups that can undergo[2+2] cycloaddition reactions under light irradiation. The research progress of photo-controlled drug delivery systems based on different photo-responsive mechanisms were mainly reviewed. Additionally, the existing problems and the future research perspectives of photo-controlled drug delivery systems were proposed.

Key words: photo-responsive, photo-controlled release, nanocarriers, drug delivery systems, cancer therapy