化学学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 79 ›› Issue (6): 778-786.DOI: 10.6023/A21010007 上一篇    下一篇

研究论文

十二烷基硫酸钠辅助制备高电容性能多孔碳

焦建超, 朱玉鑫, 彭晓薇, 金世航, 张云强*(), 李梅*()   

  1. 齐鲁工业大学(山东省科学院)材料科学与工程学院 济南 250353
  • 投稿日期:2021-01-12 发布日期:2021-04-14
  • 通讯作者: 张云强, 李梅
  • 基金资助:
    齐鲁工业大学国际合作基金(QLUTGJHZ2018023); 2020年山东省大学生创新训练计划项目(S202010431115); 齐鲁工业大学(山东省科学院)本科生学术攀登计划

Preparation of High Capacitive Performance Porous Carbon Assisted by Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate

Jianchao Jiao, Yuxin Zhu, Xiaowei Peng, Shihang Jin, Yunqiang Zhang(), Mei Li()   

  1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan 250353, China
  • Received:2021-01-12 Published:2021-04-14
  • Contact: Yunqiang Zhang, Mei Li
  • About author:
    †These authors contributed equally to this work.
  • Supported by:
    International Cooperation Foundation of Qilu University of Technology(QLUTGJHZ2018023); Innovation Training Program for College Students of Shandong Province in 2020(S202010431115); Undergraduate Academic Climbing Program of Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences)

本工作通过一步水浴法制备高氮/氧含量密胺树脂(MF), 引入阴离子型表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)改变聚合物的反应历程, 使进入SDS胶束中的三聚氰胺与甲醛在盐酸催化条件下进行聚合反应, 高温碳化后成功制备MF衍生多孔碳材料. 对MF衍生多孔碳材料分别进行了扫描电镜、比表面积等表征, 结果表明, 其具有多孔互穿网络结构, 比表面积高达387.86 m2?g-1, 且孔径分布适宜(3.62 nm). 作为超级电容器(SCs)电极材料, 在1.0 A?g-1下的比电容值为349.6 F?g-1, 20.0 A?g-1时(254.6 F?g-1)仍能维持1.0 A?g-1时73.0%的电容保持率, 倍率性能优异. 该样品在10.0 A?g-1下循环15000次后的比电容值几乎没有衰减, 循环稳定性能优越. 此研究结果表明SDS可辅助提升MF衍生多孔碳材料的电容性能, 发展潜力巨大.

关键词: 密胺树脂, 十二烷基硫酸钠, 分级多孔结构, 高氮/氧含量, 高电容性能

Benefiting from the inducing effect of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) during the polymerization process of melamine and formaldehyde, melamine resin (MF)-derived porous carbon materials with high nitrogen and oxygen content have been synthesized via an annealing-followed water bath method in this work. To study the effect of SDS on the synthesis and properties of MF-derived porous carbon materials, the microstructure and composition of as-prepared samples are characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), nitrogen adsorption/desorption and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). It can be seen from SEM images that sample of the best additive amount (MFC-SDS30) has the interpenetrating network structure, which is conducive to the rapid transfer of electrons and electrolyte ions. Nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherms indicate that all samples have large specific surface area (SSA) and more micropores/mesopores, which are caused by the pyrolysis of SDS at 700 ℃. MFC-SDS30 has the largest SSA (387.86 m2?g-1) and a suitable pore size distribution (3.62 nm), which effectively improve the ion diffusion mobility and shorten the ion diffusion pathways. Interestingly, the XPS results show that MFC-SDS30 has high N atom content (15.5 at.%) and O atom content (6.5 at.%) without any additional doped treatment, so the abundant pseudocapacitance is contributed through the rapid N/O atoms redox reaction. Due to the above structural characteristics, MFC-SDS30 exhibits high specific capacitance value (Csp) of 349.6 F?g-1 at 1.0 A?g-1, and the Csp (254.6 F?g-1) at 20.0 A?g-1 still maintains 73.0% of that at 1.0 A?g-1, showing good capacitive performance as electrode material for supercapacitors (SCs). The Csp of MFC-SDS30 has almost no attenuation after 15000 cycles at 10.0 A?g-1, which possesses good cycle stability. Besides, the maximum energy density of symmetrical SCs based on MFC-SDS30 is 9.2 Wh?kg-1 at the power density of 250 W?kg-1, and the energy density still reaches 4.0 Wh?kg-1 at 5000 W?kg-1, which is better than many reported carbon materials. Therefore, MF-derived porous carbon materials assisted by SDS can be a promising electrode material for SCs by means of a green and efficient method.

Key words: melamine formaldehyde resin, sodium lauryl sulfate, hierarchical porous structure, high nitrogen and oxygen content, high capacitive performance