化学学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 83 ›› Issue (10): 1134-1141.DOI: 10.6023/A25050146 上一篇    下一篇

研究论文

三齿钛配合物催化的1-丁烯(共)聚合反应研究

王波a, 朱光宇b,c,d,*(), 徐广强b,c,d, 王亮b,c,d,*(), 侯鸿斌b,c,d,*(), 张良a,*(), 王庆刚b,c,d   

  1. a 西安建筑科技大学 化学与化工学院 西安 710055
    b 青岛新能源山东省实验室 太阳能光电转换与利用重点实验室 青岛 266101
    c 中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所 青岛 266101
    d 山东能源研究院 青岛 266101
  • 投稿日期:2025-05-08 发布日期:2025-06-20
  • 通讯作者: 朱光宇, 王亮, 侯鸿斌, 张良
  • 作者简介:

    “中国青年化学家”专辑.

  • 基金资助:
    山东省重大科技创新工程项目(2022CXGC020604); 山东省泰山学者奖励计划(tstp20240520); 山东省自然科学基金(ZR2023ME008); 山东省自然科学基金(ZR2023QB156)

Tridentate Titanium Complexes Catalyzed (Co)polymerization of 1-Butene

Bo Wanga, Guangyu Zhub,c,d,*(), Guangqiang Xub,c,d, Liang Wangb,c,d,*(), Hongbin Houb,c,d,*(), Liang Zhanga,*(), Qinggang Wangb,c,d   

  1. a School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an 710055
    b Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Conversion and Utilization of Solar Energy, Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao 266101
    c Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101
    d Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao 266101
  • Received:2025-05-08 Published:2025-06-20
  • Contact: Guangyu Zhu, Liang Wang, Hongbin Hou, Liang Zhang
  • About author:

    For the VSI “Rising Stars in Chemistry”.

  • Supported by:
    Major Science and Technology Innovation Program of Shandong Province(2022CXGC020604); Taishan Scholars Program of Shandong Province(tstp20240520); Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2023ME008); Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2023QB156)

聚烯烃材料在国民经济中占据重要地位, 是现代工业和日常生活不可或缺的基础材料, 也是全球产量最大的合成高分子材料. 过渡金属催化剂是聚烯烃行业发展的重要推动因素, 其中单中心的非茂前过渡金属催化剂因其简捷的合成工艺和优异的线性聚烯烃结构调控能力近些年来备受关注. 另一方面, 作为石化工业重要副产物的1-丁烯, 其高值化利用存在显著研究价值, 如当前工业界采用非均相齐格勒-纳塔催化剂体系制备的全同立构聚1-丁烯, 已广泛应用于热水管道等工程领域. 然而, 目前尚未有其他等规度(mmmm<90%)聚1-丁烯材料得到商业化应用的报道. 基于上述背景, 本工作利用单活性中心的三齿钛配合物实现了非全同立构聚1-丁烯的高效制备, 活性超过10 kg•mmol−1•h−1, 分子量最高可达1800 kDa以上, 等规度控制在80% mmmm附近. 此外, 该催化体系对高碳α-烯烃也表现出良好的兼容性, 在1-丁烯与1-己烯共聚中活性无明显衰减. 上述两类聚合物材料均表现出良好的韧性(断裂应力接近40 MPa, 断裂伸长率超过800%)和晶型稳定性. 所得聚1-丁烯作为增强材料能够显著提升天然橡胶的力学性能.

关键词: 配位聚合, 聚烯烃, 钛配合物, 聚1-丁烯, 橡塑共混

Polyolefin materials occupy an important position in the national economy as indispensable basic materials for modern industry and daily life, representing the most extensively produced synthetic polymer materials globally. Transition metal catalysts are the significant driving factors for the development of the polyolefin industry, among which single-site non-metallocene transition metal catalysts have received widespread attention due to their simple synthesis and efficient linear polyolefin stereocontrol ability. Meanwhile, 1-butene, as a crucial byproduct of petrochemical industry, presents substantial research value for its high-value utilization. For example, current industrial circle employs heterogeneous Ziegler-Natta catalyst systems to produce isotactic poly(1-butene), which has found extensive applications in engineering fields such as hot water pipes. However, no other isotactic (mmmm<90%) poly(1-butene) materials have been reported for commercial applications. Based on the above background, we employed tridentate titanium complexes with quinoline side-arms to achieve efficient production of non-isotactic poly(1-butene) with good activity (over 10 kg•mmol−1•h−1), high Mn (up to 1800 kDa) and isotacticity of around 80% mmmm. Detailed methodological research (reaction temperature, catalyst concentration, etc.) was utilized to optimize polymerization activity and search for the rules of reaction conditions and results. Additionally, this work also achieved efficient copolymerization of 1-butene and 1-hexene with controllable monomer ratios. Both the resulting polymers and copolymers exhibited good material toughness. The breaking stress was close to 40 MPa and the elongation at break exceeded 800%. Wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) analysis showed that the crystal form of these polymers was form I or form I' without the transformation observed during the aging time, indicating superior stability compared to isotactic poly(1-butene) produced by Ziegler-Natta catalysts. When used as a filler, the obtained poly(1-butene)s significantly enhanced the toughness of natural rubber, demonstrating promising potential for rubber industry applications.

Key words: coordination polymerization, polyolefin, titanium complex, poly(1-butene), rubber-plastic blends