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化学学报
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化学学报 ›› 1979, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (3): 175-182. 上一篇    下一篇

论文

天麻化学成分的研究

冯孝章, 陈玉武, 杨峻山   

  1. 中国医学科学院药物研究所 北京
  • 投稿日期:1978-03-24 发布日期:2013-06-03

STUDIES ON CONSTITUENTS OF TIAN-MA (Gastrodia data Bl.)

FENG XIAO-ZHANG, CHEN YU-WU, YANG JUIN-SHAN   

  1. Institute of Meteria Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing
  • Received:1978-03-24 Published:2013-06-03

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天麻的石油醚和70%乙醇提取部分经硅胶柱层析,分得八个成分(Ⅰ～Ⅷ)。Ⅶ[C13H18O7,熔点145～148℃[α]D15-66.4°,(C.0.65,水)]为天麻主要成分,根据光谱分析、衍生物制备和苦杏仁酶水解产物的鉴定,确定其结构为对羟甲基苯β-D-吡喃葡葡糖苷,命名为天麻苷。其余七个化合物分别鉴定为天麻苷元——对羟基苯甲醇(Ⅲ)、β-谷甾醇(Ⅱ)及其D-葡葡糖苷即胡萝卜苷(Ⅵ)、柠檬酸(Ⅴ)及其单甲酯(Ⅳ)以及棕榈酸(Ⅰ)和蔗糖(Ⅷ)。

The Chinese drug Tian-Ma(Gastrodica elata Bl.) was extratted with petroleum ether and followed by 70% ethanol.These two extracts were then passed through the silica columns separately and eight constituents were thus obtained.The main pomponent of the ethanolio extract, Ⅶ under the name of gastrodin is a phenolic gluooside.Gastrodin, C13H18O7 was obtained as colorless prismatic crystals, m.p, 145-148℃,[α]D15-66.4°(C·0.65 H2O).On the basis of spectrometric data (NMR, MS, UV, IR),enzymatic hydrolysis and the properties of its derivatives, the structure of gastrodin is assigned as p-hydroxymethylphenyl-,B-D-glucopyronoside (VII).Other seven components were identified as p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol (Ⅲ),aglycono of gastrodin; β-sitosterol (Ⅱ) and its D-glnooside daucosterol; citric acid (Ⅴ) and its symmetrical monomethyl ester (Ⅳ); palmitio acid (Ⅰ) and sucrose (Ⅷ) respectively.