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化学学报
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化学学报 ›› 1994, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (4): 337-340. 上一篇    下一篇

研究论文

间对二氯苯在盐水溶液中活度系数的研究

李东;谢文蕙   

  1. 北京大学化学系
  • 发布日期:1994-04-15

Studies on coefficients of m-and p-dichlorobenzene in aqueous salt solutions

LI DONG;XIE WENHUI   

  • Published:1994-04-15

PDF

589

被引次数

3

本文用紫外可见分光度法测定了25℃下间位和对位二氯苯在NaF,NaCI,KBr,Na~2CO~3,K~2So~4,Et~4NBr水溶液中的活度系数,Logf-c~5关系符合Setschenow 盐效应经验公式,盐效应次序为,Na~2CO~3>K~2So~4>NaF>NaCi>NaBr>Et~4NBr. 通过比较发现:二氯苯的偶极矩对盐效应几乎没有影响,本文选取Debye-Mcaulay( DMT)和Conway-Desnoyers-smith(CDST)静电作用理论,定表标粒子理论(SPT)及改进前后的内压力理论IPT和XIPT),计算出理论值,与实验值进行比较, 证实的内压力理论计算值更接近实际.

关键词: 水溶液, 碳酸钠, 氯化钠, 硫酸钾, 氟化钠, 盐效应, 溴化钾, 二氯苯, 活度系数, 溴化钠

The activity coefficients of m- and p-dichlorobenzene in aqueous salt solns. have been determine at 298.15K by using spectrophotometric method. The salts used are NaF, NaBr, KBr, Na2CO3, K2SO4, Et4NBr. The relations between logf and cs are in agreement with Setschenow experimental formula. The salting-out order is: Na2CO3 > K2SO4 > NaF > NaCl > NaBr > KBr > Et4NBr. The salt effect is not affected by the dipole moment of dichlorobenzene. The experimental results are compared with the calculation results of Debye-McAulay and Conway-Desnoyers-Smith electrostatic theories, scaled particle theory, and internal pressure theory. The numerical calculation of the modified internal pressure theory gives the best fit with the experimental data.

Key words: AQUEOUS SOLUTION, SODIUM CARBONATE, SODIUM CHLORIDE, POTASSIUM SULFATE, SODIUM FLUORIDE, SALT EFFECT, POTASSIUM BROMIDE, DICHLOROBENZENE, ACTIVITY COEFFICIENT, SODIUM BROMIDE

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