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化学学报
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化学学报 ›› 1989, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (1): 6-13. 上一篇    下一篇

研究论文

混合溶剂中多组分电解质溶液热力学性质的研究III: HCl-NaCl-i-PrOH-H2O体系(5-45℃)

吕殿祯;门殿元;杨家振;梁春余;王宇;范垂斌   

  1. 辽宁大学化学系
  • 发布日期:1989-01-15

Study on thermodynamic properties of mixed electrolytes in mixed solvents III: System of HCl-NaCl-i-PrOH-H2O at 5 to 45℃

LU DIANZHEN;MEN DIANYUAN;YANG JIAZHEN;LIANG CHUNYU;WANG YU;FAN CHUIBIN   

  • Published:1989-01-15

PDF

1386

被引次数

10

在恒定溶液总离子强度I=1.00mol.kg^-^1, 改变异丙醇在混合溶剂中的摩尔分数x=0.025、0.075和0.100条件下, 测定了无液接界电池(A)和电池(B)的电动势.Pt, H2(1.013x10^5Pa)|HCl(m), i-PrOH(x), H2O(1-x)|AgCl-AgPt, H2(1.013X10^5Pa)|HCl(mA), NaCl(mB), i-PrOH(x), H2O(1-x)AgCl-Ag (B)根据电池(A)的电动势, 确定混合溶剂中Ag-AgCl电极的标准电极电势, 讨论了HCl的迁移性质. 利用电池(B)的电动势, 确定HCl活度系数γA. 结果表明, 在恒定I为1.00mol.kg^-^1时, HCl的活度系数仍然服从Harned规则. 在恒定溶液组成时, lgγA对热力学温度的倒数1/T作图, 具有良好直线关系. 进一步讨论了混合物中HCl的相对偏摩尔焓和HCl的溶剂化数及介质效应.

关键词: 多组分体系, 热力学性质, 盐酸, 电动势, 电解质, 氯化钠, 溶剂效应, 熵, 焓, 氢氧化物

Emf. measurements were used to determine the properties of the HCl-NaCl-i-PrOH-H2O system containing 0.025-0.1 mol. fraction of i-PrOH, at 5-45? The activity coefficients of HCl were determine as well as relative molar enthalpies, which are linear function of the ionic strength of the solns.

Key words: MULTICOMPONENT SYSTEM, THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES, HYDROCHLORIC ACID, ELECTROMOTIVE FORCES, ELECTROLYTE, SODIUM CHLORIDE, SOLVENT EFFECT, ENTROPY, ENTHALPY, HYDROXIDE

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