不对称双酸催化3,4-二氢-2H-吡喃的反电子Hetero-Diels-Alder反应

doi:10.6023/A12060346

化学学报 ›› 2012, Vol. 70 ›› Issue (14): 1518-1522.DOI: 10.6023/A12060346 上一篇下一篇

研究通讯

不对称双酸催化3,4-二氢-2H-吡喃的反电子Hetero-Diels-Alder反应

吕健, 钟兴仁, 程津培, 罗三中

中国科学院化学研究所北京分子科学国家实验室分子识别与功能院重点实验室北京 100190

投稿日期:2012-06-26 发布日期:2012-07-12
通讯作者: 罗三中
基金资助:
项目受国家自然科学基金(Nos. 20972163, 21025208)和973项目(No. 2012CB82160)资助.

Asymmetric Binary-Acid Catalysis in the Inverse-Electron-Demanding Hetero-Diels-Alder Reaction of 3,4-Dihydro-2H-Pyran

Lv Jian, Zhong Xingren, Cheng Jin-Pei, Luo Sanzhong

Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences BNLMS, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Functions, Institute of Chemistry, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190

Received:2012-06-26 Published:2012-07-12
Supported by:
Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 20972163, 21025208) and 973 program (No. 2012CB82160).

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摘要/Abstract

研究了双酸催化剂不对称催化烯醚和β,γ-不饱和α-酮酸酯的反电子Hetero-Diels-Alder (HDA)反应, 为手性合成3,4-二氢-2H-吡喃类化合物提供了一种新的催化合成方法. InBr₃与手性磷酸钙盐Ca(1c)₂组合的手性双路易斯酸催化体系能够有效催化3,4-二氢-2H-吡喃和β,γ-不饱和α-酮酸酯的反电子HDA反应, 反应给出优秀的产率(最高达98%), 中等到良好的非对映选择性(最高达89:11)和良好到优秀的对映选择性(最高可达94%). 并且该双酸催化体系也能成功实现其它烯醚(如: 2,3-二氢-2H-呋喃, 乙烯基乙醚)的HDA反应, 获得优秀的非对映选择性(>94:6)和良好的对映选择性.

关键词: 不对称催化, Hetero-Diels-Alder反应, 三溴化铟, 手性磷酸钙盐, 3,4-二氢-2H-吡喃

Chiral dihydropyrans are important structural units in a plethora of bio-active natural products. Inverse-electron- demanding hetero-Diels-Alder reaction between α,β-unsaturated enones/enals and olefins represents one of the most straightforward pathway to access chiral dihyropyrans moieties. Though this reaction has been much explored in asymmetric catalysis, new catalytic strategy or catalysts are still desirable in order to further address the limited scopes and applicability. Previously, we have developed asymmetric binary acid catalysis (ABC) as a powerful combinatorial approach for chiral strong acid catalysis. In principle, the ABC strategy utilizes chiral Br?nsted acid, e.g. chiral phosphoric diester acid, as dual ligand and acid, in concert with typical metal Lewis acid, resulting in synergistic catalysis due to their mutually enhanced acidity/electrophilicity as well as the endowed multi-activation sites. To advance the application of ABC strategy in the above mentioned reaction, we have found that the use of metal salt of chiral phosphoric acid instead of free phosphoric acid in the presence of an achiral Lewis acid, led to much improved activity and stereoselectivity, thus providing a conceptual advance to include two Lewis acids combinations in ABC catalysis. The obtained optimal Lewis acids combination, InBr₃ and Ca(1c)₂, was found to be an effective and selective catalyst for the HDA reaction of 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrans. In the presence of InBr₃ (2.5 mol%) and Ca(1c) (2.5 mol%), the reaction occurred smoothly to afford the desired 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrans in high yield (85%—98%), with moderate to excellent diastereoselectivity (70:30—99:1, endo/exo) and enantioselectivity (up to 94% ee) under 25℃ in CH₂Cl₂. Different enol ethers 2 and β,γ-unsaturated α-ketoesters 3 all worked well with excellent diastereoselectivity (94:6) and good enantioselectivity under the optimal reaction conditions.

Key words: asymmetric catalysis, Hetero-Diels-Alder reaction, indium bromide, chiral calcium phosphate, 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran

引用此文

吕健, 钟兴仁, 程津培, 罗三中. 不对称双酸催化3,4-二氢-2H-吡喃的反电子Hetero-Diels-Alder反应[J]. 化学学报, 2012, 70(14): 1518-1522.

Lv Jian, Zhong Xingren, Cheng Jin-Pei, Luo Sanzhong. Asymmetric Binary-Acid Catalysis in the Inverse-Electron-Demanding Hetero-Diels-Alder Reaction of 3,4-Dihydro-2H-Pyran[J]. Acta Chimica Sinica, 2012, 70(14): 1518-1522.

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不对称双酸催化3,4-二氢-2H-吡喃的反电子Hetero-Diels-Alder反应

Asymmetric Binary-Acid Catalysis in the Inverse-Electron-Demanding Hetero-Diels-Alder Reaction of 3,4-Dihydro-2H-Pyran

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