水热合成α-Ni(OH)2纳米线的形成机理研究

doi:10.6023/A12070376

化学学报 ›› 2012, Vol. 70 ›› Issue (16): 1731-1736.DOI: 10.6023/A12070376 上一篇下一篇

研究论文

水热合成α-Ni(OH)₂纳米线的形成机理研究

卢亚骏, 王浩然, 顾煜, 徐岚, 孙晓骏, 邓意达

上海交通大学金属基复合材料国家重点实验室材料科学与工程学院上海 200240

投稿日期:2012-07-06 发布日期:2012-07-13
通讯作者: 邓意达 E-mail:denyda@sjtu.edu.cn
基金资助:
项目受国家自然科学基金(No. 51001075)、上海市优秀学科带头人(No. 11XD1402700)和上海市教委“曙光计划”跟踪(No. 10GG06)资助.

Studies on the Growth Mechanism of Hydrothermal Synthesis of α-Ni(OH)₂ Nanowires

Lu Yajun, Wang Haoran, Gu Yu, Xu Lan, Sun Xiaojun, Deng Yida

State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240

Received:2012-07-06 Published:2012-07-13
Supported by:
Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51001075), Program of Shanghai Subject Chief Scientist (No. 11XD1402700), Following Research Project supported by the “Dawn” Program of Shanghai Education Commission (No. 10GG06).

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摘要/Abstract

设计实验研究了以无机镍盐和NaOH为原料, 利用水热法制备Ni(OH)₂纳米线, OH^-和SO₄^2-对于产物形貌的影响, 并利用X射线衍射(XRD), 傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR), 透射电镜(TEM)等对材料结构、形貌和成分进行了表征, 研究了Ni(OH)₂纳米线形成的相关机理. 结果表明, 低的OH^-浓度与高纯的SO₄^2-水热环境是α-Ni(OH)₂纳米线形成的关键因素.SO₄^2-能够加速α-Ni(OH)₂晶体沿[001]方向的生长, 而OH^-含量较低时, 较低的库伦斥力不足以阻碍晶体沿[001]方向生长过程的进行.

关键词: 水热合成, α-Ni(OH)₂纳米线, 形成机理

SO₄^2- ions and OH^- ions play important roles in hydrothermal synthesis of Ni(OH)₂ nanostructures with only inorganic nickel salt and NaOH. The whole process could be divided into 2 parts, the preparation of Ni(OH)₂ gel and its hydrothermal reaction. According to our analysis, the former one is an ionic-reaction which produces amorphous Ni(OH)₂. It is the later one when Ni(OH)₂ gel crystallizes that dominates the polymorph and morphology of final products. The influence of OH^- on morphologies of Ni(OH)₂ has been studied by changing the ratio of n(SO₄^2-)/n(OH^-). To discuss the effect of SO₄^2- ions in hydrothermal system on crystal growth, we wash the gel which is prepared by NiCl₂ and NaOH with the mixture solution of Na₂SO₄ and NiSO₄ for different times, so that Cl^- ions in the gel solution could be replaced by SO₄^2- ions in varying degrees. Then the nanosized Ni(OH)₂ products is prepared by hydrothermal treatment. Also, the samples were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). TEM results show that there will be 2 main nanostructures in different hydrothermal conditions: nanowires and nanosheets. XRD and FTIR results reveals that the nanowires is Ni(SO₄)_0.3(OH)_1.4, one kind of α-Ni(OH)₂, and the nanosheet is β-Ni(OH)₂. We finally got a conclusion that low amount of OH^- and pure SO₄^2- environment is advantageous to synthesis of α-Ni(OH)₂ nanowires. Since α-Ni(OH)₂ is hydroxyl-deficient and consists of stacked Ni(OH)₂_-x layers toward which the SO₄^2- ion has a higher affinity than other ions such as Cl^- and SO₄^2-, the SO₄^2- ion is able to enter its interlayers. The structure is stabilized due to the strong coordination bonds between SO₄^2- and Ni²^＋ in Ni(OH)₂_-x layers. Also, free Ni²^＋ ions in solution would be linked to intercalated SO₄^2- through coordination bonds, so that new Ni(OH)₂_-x layers could form constantly and stack along the c-axis. As a result, there will be a preferential growth in the [001] direction. However, this process is not likely to continue when there is high amount of OH^-, which may cause high Coulomb repulsion along the [001] direction.

Key words: hydrothermal synthesis, α-Ni(OH)₂ nanowires, growth mechanism

引用此文

卢亚骏, 王浩然, 顾煜, 徐岚, 孙晓骏, 邓意达. 水热合成α-Ni(OH)₂纳米线的形成机理研究[J]. 化学学报, 2012, 70(16): 1731-1736.

Lu Yajun, Wang Haoran, Gu Yu, Xu Lan, Sun Xiaojun, Deng Yida. Studies on the Growth Mechanism of Hydrothermal Synthesis of α-Ni(OH)₂ Nanowires[J]. Acta Chimica Sinica, 2012, 70(16): 1731-1736.

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水热合成α-Ni(OH)₂纳米线的形成机理研究

Studies on the Growth Mechanism of Hydrothermal Synthesis of α-Ni(OH)₂ Nanowires

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