苯并三氮唑类有机光伏材料研究进展

doi:10.6023/A21050193

化学学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 79 ›› Issue (7): 820-852.DOI: 10.6023/A21050193 上一篇下一篇

综述

苯并三氮唑类有机光伏材料研究进展

白阳^a, 薛灵伟^a^,^*(), 王海侨^a^,^b, 张志国^a^,^*()

a 北京化工大学材料科学与工程学院北京 100029
b 北京化工大学北京市水性聚合物合成与应用工程技术研究中心北京 100029

投稿日期:2021-05-05 发布日期:2021-06-21
通讯作者: 薛灵伟, 张志国

作者简介:

白阳, 2014年和2019年于北京化工大学材料科学与工程学院获得学士学位和硕士学位, 目前师从张志国教授, 攻读博士学位, 研究方向为有机光电功能材料.

薛灵伟博士, 北京化工大学材料科学与工程学院博士后, 2017年于北京科技大学获得博士学位, 期间于中国科学院化学研究所联合培养, 师从李永舫院士. 研究方向为有机光电功能材料.

王海侨, 北京化工大学教授、博士生导师, 北京市水性聚合物合成与应用工程技术研究中心主任. 华中科技大学学士、硕士、博士, 清华大学化工系博士后. 主要从事光电功能高分子材料和水性环保材料方面的研究. 发表学术论文170余篇, 申请国家发明专利20余项.

张志国博士, 北京化工大学材料科学与工程学院教授, 博士生导师. 2009年于武汉大学获得博士学位, 期间参加“国家公派博士生联合培养项目”在新加坡学习2年. 2009年在中国科学院化学所跟随李永舫院士从事博士后研究, 2012年3月晋升副研究员, 2018年5月调到北京化工大学工作, 组建光伏材料与器件实验室. 近年紧密围绕活性层材料和界面层材料的设计和制备, 开展了系统的工作, 并多次获得世界领先的光伏效率. 2017年获得国家基金委优秀青年基金资助, 2018~2020连续3年入选Clarivate Analytics“全球高被引科学家”名单.

基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(51722308); 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(Buctrc201822); 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(XK1802-2); 北京自然科学基金(2192043); 化工资源有效利用国家重点实验室开发基金

Research Advances on Benzotriazole-based Organic Photovoltaic Materials

Yang Bai^a, Ling-Wei Xue^a(), Hai-Qiao Wang^a^,^b, Zhi-Guo Zhang^a()

a College of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
b Beijing Engineering Research Center for the Synthesis and Applications of Waterborne Polymers, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China

Received:2021-05-05 Published:2021-06-21
Contact: Ling-Wei Xue, Zhi-Guo Zhang
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(51722308); Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Buctrc201822); Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(XK1802-2); Beijing Natural Science Foundation(2192043); State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering

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摘要/Abstract

数十年来, 有机太阳能电池(organic solar cells, OSCs)的相关研究进展迅速, 其能量转换效率从2000年的不足5%, 发展至今已经超过18%, 而这主要得益于给体和非富勒烯受体有机光伏材料的不断推陈出新. 苯并三氮唑(benzotriazoles, BTA)作为一种经典的缺电子型杂环单元, 伴随着有机光伏领域的兴起与发展, 由BTA单元构筑的聚合物给体、小分子给体、非富勒烯小分子受体以及聚合物受体材料被不断地设计合成出来, 特别是J系列聚合物给体材料和Y系列非富勒烯受体材料. 伴随着材料体系的不断优化, 相关的分子设计策略也得到更新与完善, 以期从多角度对OSCs的性能有针对性的进行调控. 本综述旨在通过介绍基于BTA单元的有机光伏材料的相关研究进展以及与之相关的分子设计策略, 回顾BTA类光伏材料数十年来的发展历程, 并展望其未来的发展前景.

关键词: 有机光伏材料, 苯并三氮唑, 给体, 受体

Over the past two decades, organic solar cells (OSCs) have been developed rapidly with the power conversion efficiency rapidly rising from less than 5% to over 18%, which is mainly promoted by the development of various new donor and acceptor materials. As a typical electron-deficient penta-heterocycle, benzotriazoles (BTAs) derivates a variety of high-performance photovoltaic materials, including polymer donor, small-molecule donor materials, as well as non-fullerenes acceptor and polymer acceptor. Among them, the J series of polymer donors and Y series of non-fullerenes acceptors are typical examples, and thus are specially highlighted in this review. Meanwhile, molecular design strategies of those BTA-based photovoltaic materials have also been discussed. It shows that donor-acceptor (D-A) conjugated strategy is still the most efficient thus far, where A units is the BTA unit or its derivatives, and D units commonly used in BTA-based photovoltaic materials are benzodithiophene, benzodifuran, dithienosilole, indacenodithiophene, thiophene,etc. The D-A strategy is both applied for donor molecules (with the molecular structure of D-A, D-π-A-π, D-A-D-A-D,etc.), and for acceptor molecules (with the molecular structure of A-D-A, A-π-D-π-A, A-DAD-A,etc.). By adjusting their molecular structures and/or pairing of differential D and A units, various properties such as absorption band and energy levels of molecules, as well as the morphology and charge carrier mobilities in OSCs can be well controlled. Furthermore, through side-chain engineering, such as flexible side-chains (alkyl, alkoxy, alkylthiol, alkylsilyl,etc.), conjugated side-chains (substituted-thiophene or benzene,etc.), electron-withdrawing groups (F atoms, Cl atoms, dicyanomethylene,etc.), their photovoltaic properties can be further regulated. Here, this review focuses on the research progress on BTA-based photovoltaic materials and related molecular design strategies developed in recent years, and also presents perspective on its future development.

Key words: organic photovoltaic material, benzotriazole, donor, acceptor

引用此文

白阳, 薛灵伟, 王海侨, 张志国. 苯并三氮唑类有机光伏材料研究进展[J]. 化学学报, 2021, 79(7): 820-852.

Yang Bai, Ling-Wei Xue, Hai-Qiao Wang, Zhi-Guo Zhang. Research Advances on Benzotriazole-based Organic Photovoltaic Materials[J]. Acta Chimica Sinica, 2021, 79(7): 820-852.

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Donor	Optical and electrochemical property				Photovoltaic characteristics of corresponding OSCs device					Ref.
Donor	E_g^opt^a/eV	HOMO/eV	LUMO/eV	E_g^ec^b/ eV	Acceptor	V_oc/V	J_sc/ (mA•cm^-2)	FF/%	PCE/%	Ref.
PBDTDTBTz	1.95	–5.06	–3.11	1.95	PC₇₁BM	0.61	4.5	62.0	1.70	^[20]
PBDTBTz	2.00	–5.04	–3.04	2.00	PC₇₁BM	0.61	4.8	47.0	1.40	^[20]
PBnDT-HTAZ	1.98	–5.29	–2.87	2.42	PC₆₁BM	0.70	11.1	55.2	4.36	^[21]
					ITIC	0.85	12.5	39.9	4.26	^[25]
					ITIC-Th1	0.75	11.8	35.8	3.16	^[26]
PBnDT-FTAZ	2.00	–5.36	–3.05	2.31	PC₆₁BM	0.79	11.8	72.9	7.10	^[21]
					ITIC	0.91	16.3	56.5	8.37	^[25]
					IT-M	0.97	17.9	69.1	12.0	^[42]
dFT-HTAZ	2.01	–5.78	–3.77	2.01	ITIC-Th1	0.99	16.1	57.1	9.12	^[26]
PBDFDTBTz	1.93	–4.99	–3.06	1.93	PC₇₁BM	0.44	4.9	57.5	1.24	^[28]
PBDTFBZO	1.83	–5.38	–3.28	2.10	PC₇₁BM	0.82	7.2	53.6	3.18	^[32]
PBDTFBZS	1.81	–5.32	–3.26	2.06	PC₇₁BM	0.78	9.1	57.6	4.10	^[32]
PBDT-DTBTz	1.97	–5.26	–3.29	1.97	PC₇₁BM	0.77	7.9	48.0	2.88	^[35]
PTIPSBDT-DTBTz	1.95	–5.40	–3.45	1.95	PC₇₁BM	0.80	12.7	55.0	5.53	^[35]
PSBnDT-FTAZ	1.85	–5.30	–3.00	1.85	PC₆₁BM	0.85	7.5	63.8	4.06	^[37]
PBnDT-SeFTAZ	1.79	–5.42	–3.55	1.79	PC₆₁BM	0.78	13.4	54.6	5.72	^[37]
PSBnDT-SeFTAZ	1.78	–5.50	–3.40	1.78	PC₆₁BM	0.78	5.2	45.9	1.87	^[37]
S-PBDTBTz	~2.00	N/A	N/A	N/A	PC₇₁BM	0.80	12.7	55.0	5.39	^[39]
A-PBDTBTz	~2.00	N/A	N/A	N/A	PC₇₁BM	0.72	10.3	43.0	3.05	^[39]
F-PBDTBTz	~2.00	N/A	N/A	N/A	PC₇₁BM	0.89	8.2	36.0	1.80	^[39]
J40	1.95	–5.40	–2.90	2.50	ITIC	0.89	12.2	60.1	6.48	^[40]
J41	2.00	–5.39	–3.69	1.70	ITIC	0.93	13.7	68.6	8.74	^[41]
PBDT-LBTz	2.03	–5.30	–3.27	2.03	PC₇₁BM	0.66	3.8	43.0	1.07	^[43]
PBDT-YBTz	1.98	–5.44	–3.46	1.98	PC₇₁BM	0.80	5.8	42.0	1.95	^[43]

Donor	Optical and electrochemical property				Photovoltaic characteristics of corresponding OSCs device					Ref.
Donor	E_g^opt^a/eV	HOMO/eV	LUMO/eV	E_g^ec^b/ eV	Acceptor	V_oc/V	J_sc/ (mA•cm^-2)	FF/%	PCE/%	Ref.
PBDTDTBTz	1.95	–5.06	–3.11	1.95	PC₇₁BM	0.61	4.5	62.0	1.70	^[20]
PBDTBTz	2.00	–5.04	–3.04	2.00	PC₇₁BM	0.61	4.8	47.0	1.40	^[20]
PBnDT-HTAZ	1.98	–5.29	–2.87	2.42	PC₆₁BM	0.70	11.1	55.2	4.36	^[21]
					ITIC	0.85	12.5	39.9	4.26	^[25]
					ITIC-Th1	0.75	11.8	35.8	3.16	^[26]
PBnDT-FTAZ	2.00	–5.36	–3.05	2.31	PC₆₁BM	0.79	11.8	72.9	7.10	^[21]
					ITIC	0.91	16.3	56.5	8.37	^[25]
					IT-M	0.97	17.9	69.1	12.0	^[42]
dFT-HTAZ	2.01	–5.78	–3.77	2.01	ITIC-Th1	0.99	16.1	57.1	9.12	^[26]
PBDFDTBTz	1.93	–4.99	–3.06	1.93	PC₇₁BM	0.44	4.9	57.5	1.24	^[28]
PBDTFBZO	1.83	–5.38	–3.28	2.10	PC₇₁BM	0.82	7.2	53.6	3.18	^[32]
PBDTFBZS	1.81	–5.32	–3.26	2.06	PC₇₁BM	0.78	9.1	57.6	4.10	^[32]
PBDT-DTBTz	1.97	–5.26	–3.29	1.97	PC₇₁BM	0.77	7.9	48.0	2.88	^[35]
PTIPSBDT-DTBTz	1.95	–5.40	–3.45	1.95	PC₇₁BM	0.80	12.7	55.0	5.53	^[35]
PSBnDT-FTAZ	1.85	–5.30	–3.00	1.85	PC₆₁BM	0.85	7.5	63.8	4.06	^[37]
PBnDT-SeFTAZ	1.79	–5.42	–3.55	1.79	PC₆₁BM	0.78	13.4	54.6	5.72	^[37]
PSBnDT-SeFTAZ	1.78	–5.50	–3.40	1.78	PC₆₁BM	0.78	5.2	45.9	1.87	^[37]
S-PBDTBTz	~2.00	N/A	N/A	N/A	PC₇₁BM	0.80	12.7	55.0	5.39	^[39]
A-PBDTBTz	~2.00	N/A	N/A	N/A	PC₇₁BM	0.72	10.3	43.0	3.05	^[39]
F-PBDTBTz	~2.00	N/A	N/A	N/A	PC₇₁BM	0.89	8.2	36.0	1.80	^[39]
J40	1.95	–5.40	–2.90	2.50	ITIC	0.89	12.2	60.1	6.48	^[40]
J41	2.00	–5.39	–3.69	1.70	ITIC	0.93	13.7	68.6	8.74	^[41]
PBDT-LBTz	2.03	–5.30	–3.27	2.03	PC₇₁BM	0.66	3.8	43.0	1.07	^[43]
PBDT-YBTz	1.98	–5.44	–3.46	1.98	PC₇₁BM	0.80	5.8	42.0	1.95	^[43]

Donor	Optical and electrochemical property				Photovoltaic characteristics of corresponding OSCs device					Ref.
Donor	E_g^opt^a/eV	HOMO/eV	LUMO/eV	E_g^ec^b/ eV	Acceptor	V_oc/V	J_sc/ (mA•cm^-2)	FF/%	PCE/%	Ref.
PBDT-HBTA (J50)	1.88	–5.13	–3.16	1.97	PC₇₁BM	0.58	7.4	56.5	2.43	^[10b]
					N2200	0.60	13.9	58.7	4.90	^[44]
					ITIC	0.71	12.9	53.0	4.80	^[45]
PBDT-FBTA (J51)	1.91	–5.26	–3.08	2.18	PC₇₁BM	0.75	11.9	67.2	6.00	^[10b]
					N2200	0.83	14.2	70.2	8.27	^[44]
					ITIC	0.82	16.5	69.0	9.26	^[45]
J52 (PBZ)	1.96	–5.21	–2.99	2.22	ITIC	0.73	13.1	57.8	5.51	^[46]
					IT-4F	0.60	17.0	63.2	6.40	^[55]
					BTA3	1.07	14.6	60.3	9.41	^[63]
J60	1.93	–5.32	–3.08	2.24	ITIC	0.91	16.3	60.4	8.97	^[46]
J61	1.93	–5.32	–3.08	2.24	ITIC	0.89	17.4	61.5	9.53	^[46]
					N2200	0.90	12.1	60.2	6.58	^[64]
					m-ITIC	0.91	18.3	70.6	11.77	^[47]
J61-F	2.03	–5.45	–2.91	2.54	ITIC	0.95	13.1	66.1	8.24	^[49]
J62	1.92	–5.31	–3.08	2.23	ITIC	0.92	16.9	70.1	10.81	^[50]
J63	1.92	–5.28	–3.04	2.24	ITIC	0.87	15.7	59.6	8.13	^[50]
J64	1.92	–5.33	–3.09	2.24	ITIC	0.89	15.4	62.7	8.59	^[50]
J70	1.99	–5.37	–2.91	2.46	m-ITIC	0.92	18.1	69.8	11.62	^[51]
J71	1.96	–5.40	–3.24	2.16	PC₇₁BM	0.92	11.0	67.0	6.79	^[60]
					ITIC	0.94	17.3	69.8	11.41	^[48]
					N2200	0.91	13.1	78.0	9.31	^[64]
					m-ITIC	0.94	18.1	70.6	12.05	^[51]
J72	1.98	–5.42	–3.29	2.13	m-ITIC	0.96	16.4	65.0	10.23	^[51]
J73	1.98	–5.46	–2.92	2.54	m-ITIC	0.97	16.5	66.9	10.71	^[51]
J74	1.99	–5.56	–3.06	2.50	m-ITIC	0.99	15.9	61.2	9.63	^[51]
J81	1.93	–5.43	–2.98	2.45	ITIC	0.95	15.3	73.1	10.60	^[29b]
J81	1.93	–5.43	–2.98	2.45	m-ITIC	0.96	16.5	69.8	11.05	^[29b]
J91	2.00	–5.50	–3.02	2.48	m-ITIC	0.98	18.0	65.5	11.63	^[54]
PFBZ	1.94	–5.36	–3.42	1.94	ITIC	0.89	18.8	62.0	10.40	^[52]
PFBZ	1.94	–5.36	–3.42	1.94	N2200	0.90	13.5	67.0	8.10	^[53]
PBZ-Cl (J52-Cl)	1.94	–5.39	–3.41	1.98	IT-4F	0.80	17.7	68.3	9.70	^[55]
					BTA3	1.24	13.2	66.6	10.50	^[63]
					Y6	0.84	23.8	61.4	12.31	^[65]
PBZ-ClSi	1.94	–5.66	–3.50	2.16	IT-4F	0.93	19.2	71.5	12.80	^[55]
J46	2.00	–5.27	–3.27	2.00	ITIC	0.74	7.4	42.7	2.34	^[57]
J47	2.00	–5.43	–3.30	2.13	ITIC	0.96	15.6	60.0	9.01	^[57]
J55	1.94	–5.26	–3.58	1.68	ITIC	0.81	12.8	58.0	6.03	^[58]
J65	1.94	–5.38	–3.60	1.78	ITIC	0.93	13.3	56.0	6.91	^[58]
J75	1.96	–5.43	–3.58	1.85	ITIC	0.94	17.0	69.3	11.07	^[58]
J75	1.93	–5.49	–3.66	1.83	PC₇₁BM	0.94	11.6	70.8	7.71	^[60]
J75	1.93	–5.49	–3.66	1.83	m-ITIC	0.96	17.1	69.5	11.41	^[60]
J76	1.86	–5.41	–3.66	1.75	PC₇₁BM	0.90	12.7	73.0	8.37	^[60]
J76	1.86	–5.41	–3.66	1.75	m-ITIC	0.91	17.0	71.2	11.04	^[60]
J101	1.97	–5.30	–3.50	1.80	ZITI	0.94	21.3	72.5	14.43	^[61]
J11	1.96	–5.48	–3.23	2.25	m-ITTC	0.94	18.1	73.0	12.32	^[62]
J12	1.94	–5.51	–3.26	2.25	m-ITTC	0.94	16.6	55.7	8.74	^[62]

Donor	Optical and electrochemical property				Photovoltaic characteristics of corresponding OSCs device					Ref.
Donor	E_g^opt^a/eV	HOMO/eV	LUMO/eV	E_g^ec^b/ eV	Acceptor	V_oc/V	J_sc/ (mA•cm^-2)	FF/%	PCE/%	Ref.
PBDT-HBTA (J50)	1.88	–5.13	–3.16	1.97	PC₇₁BM	0.58	7.4	56.5	2.43	^[10b]
					N2200	0.60	13.9	58.7	4.90	^[44]
					ITIC	0.71	12.9	53.0	4.80	^[45]
PBDT-FBTA (J51)	1.91	–5.26	–3.08	2.18	PC₇₁BM	0.75	11.9	67.2	6.00	^[10b]
					N2200	0.83	14.2	70.2	8.27	^[44]
					ITIC	0.82	16.5	69.0	9.26	^[45]
J52 (PBZ)	1.96	–5.21	–2.99	2.22	ITIC	0.73	13.1	57.8	5.51	^[46]
					IT-4F	0.60	17.0	63.2	6.40	^[55]
					BTA3	1.07	14.6	60.3	9.41	^[63]
J60	1.93	–5.32	–3.08	2.24	ITIC	0.91	16.3	60.4	8.97	^[46]
J61	1.93	–5.32	–3.08	2.24	ITIC	0.89	17.4	61.5	9.53	^[46]
					N2200	0.90	12.1	60.2	6.58	^[64]
					m-ITIC	0.91	18.3	70.6	11.77	^[47]
J61-F	2.03	–5.45	–2.91	2.54	ITIC	0.95	13.1	66.1	8.24	^[49]
J62	1.92	–5.31	–3.08	2.23	ITIC	0.92	16.9	70.1	10.81	^[50]
J63	1.92	–5.28	–3.04	2.24	ITIC	0.87	15.7	59.6	8.13	^[50]
J64	1.92	–5.33	–3.09	2.24	ITIC	0.89	15.4	62.7	8.59	^[50]
J70	1.99	–5.37	–2.91	2.46	m-ITIC	0.92	18.1	69.8	11.62	^[51]
J71	1.96	–5.40	–3.24	2.16	PC₇₁BM	0.92	11.0	67.0	6.79	^[60]
					ITIC	0.94	17.3	69.8	11.41	^[48]
					N2200	0.91	13.1	78.0	9.31	^[64]
					m-ITIC	0.94	18.1	70.6	12.05	^[51]
J72	1.98	–5.42	–3.29	2.13	m-ITIC	0.96	16.4	65.0	10.23	^[51]
J73	1.98	–5.46	–2.92	2.54	m-ITIC	0.97	16.5	66.9	10.71	^[51]
J74	1.99	–5.56	–3.06	2.50	m-ITIC	0.99	15.9	61.2	9.63	^[51]
J81	1.93	–5.43	–2.98	2.45	ITIC	0.95	15.3	73.1	10.60	^[29b]
J81	1.93	–5.43	–2.98	2.45	m-ITIC	0.96	16.5	69.8	11.05	^[29b]
J91	2.00	–5.50	–3.02	2.48	m-ITIC	0.98	18.0	65.5	11.63	^[54]
PFBZ	1.94	–5.36	–3.42	1.94	ITIC	0.89	18.8	62.0	10.40	^[52]
PFBZ	1.94	–5.36	–3.42	1.94	N2200	0.90	13.5	67.0	8.10	^[53]
PBZ-Cl (J52-Cl)	1.94	–5.39	–3.41	1.98	IT-4F	0.80	17.7	68.3	9.70	^[55]
					BTA3	1.24	13.2	66.6	10.50	^[63]
					Y6	0.84	23.8	61.4	12.31	^[65]
PBZ-ClSi	1.94	–5.66	–3.50	2.16	IT-4F	0.93	19.2	71.5	12.80	^[55]
J46	2.00	–5.27	–3.27	2.00	ITIC	0.74	7.4	42.7	2.34	^[57]
J47	2.00	–5.43	–3.30	2.13	ITIC	0.96	15.6	60.0	9.01	^[57]
J55	1.94	–5.26	–3.58	1.68	ITIC	0.81	12.8	58.0	6.03	^[58]
J65	1.94	–5.38	–3.60	1.78	ITIC	0.93	13.3	56.0	6.91	^[58]
J75	1.96	–5.43	–3.58	1.85	ITIC	0.94	17.0	69.3	11.07	^[58]
J75	1.93	–5.49	–3.66	1.83	PC₇₁BM	0.94	11.6	70.8	7.71	^[60]
J75	1.93	–5.49	–3.66	1.83	m-ITIC	0.96	17.1	69.5	11.41	^[60]
J76	1.86	–5.41	–3.66	1.75	PC₇₁BM	0.90	12.7	73.0	8.37	^[60]
J76	1.86	–5.41	–3.66	1.75	m-ITIC	0.91	17.0	71.2	11.04	^[60]
J101	1.97	–5.30	–3.50	1.80	ZITI	0.94	21.3	72.5	14.43	^[61]
J11	1.96	–5.48	–3.23	2.25	m-ITTC	0.94	18.1	73.0	12.32	^[62]
J12	1.94	–5.51	–3.26	2.25	m-ITTC	0.94	16.6	55.7	8.74	^[62]

Donor	Optical and electrochemical property				Photovoltaic characteristics of corresponding OSCs device					Ref.
Donor	E_g^opt^a/eV	HOMO/eV	LUMO/eV	E_g^ec^b/ eV	Acceptor	V_oc/V	J_sc/ (mA•cm^-2)	FF/%	PCE/%	Ref.
PBDTT-LBTz	1.94	–5.41	–3.47	1.94	PC₇₁BM	0.67	4.5	42.0	1.25	^[43]
PBDTT-YBTz	1.90	–5.48	–3.58	1.90	PC₇₁BM	0.74	10.3	43.0	3.20	^[43]
PBDTTDTBTz	1.82	–4.92	–3.01	1.91	PC₇₁BM	0.54	9.5	60.6	3.10	^[66]
PDTBDT-FBTz	2.02	–5.47	–3.25	2.22	PC₇₁BM	0.95	9.3	62.7	5.55	^[67]
PBTA-BO	≈1.92	–5.39	–2.80	2.59	N2200	0.87	11.0	75.8	7.05	^[68]
PBTA-Si	1.93	–5.32	–2.93	2.39	N2200	0.92	13.8	73.1	8.31	^[70]
PTAZ-TPD00	1.94	–5.23	–3.24	1.99	PNDI-T00	0.87	11.3	68.0	6.60	^[72]
L24	1.95	–5.42	–3.47	1.95	IT-4F	0.50	7.4	36.3	1.33	^[73]
L68	1.95	–5.51	–3.56	1.95	IT-4F	0.76	19.5	63.2	9.30	^[73]
L810	1.99	–5.56	–3.57	1.99	IT-4F	0.79	20.8	73.5	12.10	^[73]
L2	1.86	–5.50	–3.39	2.11	TTPT-T-4F	0.86	22.2	73.6	14.00	^[74]
J52-F	1.94	–5.36	–3.42	1.94	BTA13	1.18	11.6	61.3	8.36	^[75]
J52-FS	1.93	–5.32	–3.39	1.93	BTA13	1.24	6.74	46.0	3.84	^[75]
PE31	1.89	–5.24	–3.35	1.89	Y6	0.80	20.5	46.9	7.62	^[65]
PE32	1.92	–5.20	–3.28	1.92	Y6	0.75	18.4	53.0	7.31	^[65]
PE4	1.93	–5.42	–3.49	1.93	Y6	0.84	22.2	75.4	14.02	^[65]
PBDT-Se-TAZ	1.92	–5.23	–3.43	1.80	ITIC	0.81	18.6	66.7	10.07	^[76]
PBDTS-Se-TAZ	1.90	–5.29	–3.52	1.77	ITIC	0.84	19.5	75.1	12.31	^[76]
m-PBDTPS-FTAZ	2.00	–5.40	–3.40	2.00	ITIC	0.95	18.8	73.9	13.16	^[77]
p-PBDTPS-FTAZ	1.96	–5.32	–3.36	1.96	ITIC	0.89	18.1	67.4	10.86	^[77]
PBDT-BZ	1.92	–5.38	–3.56	1.82	BDTB-Ph	0.92	17.6	65.2	10.59	^[78]
PTBD-BZ	1.90	–5.40	–3.59	1.81	TBDB-Na	0.91	19.6	70.2	12.47	^[78]
PDTBDT-BZ	1.91	–5.32	–3.51	1.81	BDTB-Ph	0.88	13.3	55.3	6.50	^[78]
PBT1Cl-Bz	1.93	–5.39	–3.57	1.82	IT-4F	0.71	16.9	63.5	7.60	^[79]
PBT2Cl^as-Bz	1.97	–5.48	–3.56	1.92	IT-4F	0.79	13.4	41.8	4.43	^[79]
PBT2Cl^s-Bz	1.96	–5.47	–3.58	1.89	IT-4F	0.77	15.6	65.2	7.80	^[79]
PBT4Cl-Bz	2.01	–5.64	–3.57	2.07	IT-4F	0.96	16.4	58.7	9.25	^[79]
PBDFP-Bz	1.91	–5.46	–3.41	2.04	ITIC	0.97	17.8	64.2	11.10	^[80]
PBDFP-Bz	1.91	–5.46	–3.41	2.04	IT-M	1.02	18.3	69.4	12.93	^[80]
PBTZa	1.93	–5.12	–3.14	1.98	ITIC-4Cl	0.84	13.7	73.6	8.50	^[81]
PBTZb	1.93	–5.20	–3.23	1.97	ITIC-4Cl	0.87	21.8	76.8	14.53	^[81]
DZ1	1.84	–5.26	–3.05	2.21	MeIC	0.81	15.2	66.7	8.26	^[82]
DZ2	1.92	–5.32	–3.13	2.19	MeIC	0.88	17.1	68.4	10.22	^[82]
DZ3	1.97	–5.40	–3.17	2.23	MeIC	1.00	10.3	60.9	5.97	^[82]

苯并三氮唑类有机光伏材料研究进展

Research Advances on Benzotriazole-based Organic Photovoltaic Materials

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Donor	Optical and electrochemical property				Photovoltaic characteristics of corresponding OSCs device					Ref.
Donor	E_g^opt^a/eV	HOMO/eV	LUMO/eV	E_g^ec^b/ eV	Acceptor	V_oc/V	J_sc/ (mA•cm^-2)	FF/%	PCE/%	Ref.
PF-TZBTTT	1.33	–5.16	–3.83	1.33	PC₇₁BM	0.65	6.9	44.0	2.56	^[100]
PCZ-TZBTTT	1.35	–5.18	–3.83	1.35	PC₇₁BM	0.70	8.5	41.0	3.17	^[100]
P1	0.96	–5.12	–4.16	0.96	PC₆₁BM	0.51	0.5	32.0	0.10	^[101]
P2	1.00	–5.04	–4.04	1.00	PC₆₁BM	0.38	1.7	43.0	0.40	^[101]
P3	1.10	–5.13	–4.03	1.10	PC₆₁BM	0.62	0.9	32.0	0.25	^[101]
P1	1.90	–5.21	–3.31	1.90	PC₇₁BM	0.88	7.4	51.0	3.35	^[102]
P2	1.93	–5.23	–3.30	1.93	PC₇₁BM	0.92	11.7	65.0	7.11	^[102]
P3	1.90	–5.21	–3.31	1.90	PC₇₁BM	0.84	3.6	49.0	1.50	^[102]
P1	1.80	–5.15	–3.35	1.80	PC₆₁BM	0.83	5.5	56.1	2.58	^[103]
P2	1.81	–4.95	–3.14	1.81	PC₆₁BM	0.52	6.7	53.2	1.84	^[103]
PBDTS-TZNT	1.99	–5.39	–3.30	2.09	ITIC	0.94	16.9	65.7	10.45	^[104]
PBDTS-TZNT	1.99	–5.39	–3.30	2.09	IT-4F	0.88	18.7	68.9	11.31	^[104]
PBDTSF-TZNT	1.97	–5.45	–3.41	2.04	ITIC	0.98	17.6	70.6	12.16	^[104]
PBDTSF-TZNT	1.97	–5.45	–3.41	2.04	IT-4F	0.93	19.2	74.1	13.25	^[104]
PTZBIBDT (PTzBI)	1.81	–5.34	–3.46	1.88	PC₇₁BM	0.87	13.5	74.0	8.63	^[105]
					ITIC	0.87	18.3	64.3	10.24	^[107]
					N2200_HM^c	0.86	14.8	62.2	8.06	^[108]
PTzBI-DT	1.81	–5.39	–3.51	1.88	ITIC	0.91	16.8	61.5	9.43	^[107]
PTzBI-O	1.75	–5.44	–3.44	2.00	N2200	0.86	14.4	63.0	7.91	^[109]
PTzBI-Si	1.78	–5.31	–3.10	2.21	N2200	0.87	15.8	73.8	10.05	^[59]
PTzBI-2FT	2.30	–5.38	–3.08	2.30	ITIC-4F	0.88	18.2	72.6	11.80	^[111]
P2F-EH	1.85	–5.36	–3.04	2.32	ITIC	0.98	12.4	50.5	6.13	^[112]
P2F-EHp	1.85	–5.38	–3.06	2.32	ITIC	1.02	13.0	54.8	7.28	^[112]
					IT-2F	0.89	19.8	68.5	12.11	^[112]
					Y6	0.81	26.7	74.1	16.02	^[113]
P2F-EO	1.85	–5.41	–3.08	2.33	ITIC	1.01	12.7	52.5	6.73	^[112]
PFT-EHp	1.80	–5.38	–3.24	2.14	Y6	0.78	25.3	71.1	14.16	^[114]
PCT-EHp	1.83	–5.46	–3.13	2.33	Y6	0.79	26.1	72.2	15.06	^[114]
PTzBI-pF	2.09	–5.67	–3.58	2.09	Y6	0.80	4.9	36.5	1.4	^[115]
PTzBI-dF	1.72	–5.55	–3.83	1.72	Y6	0.85	26.3	75.5	16.8	^[115]
PrzTAZ	1.93	–5.66	–3.73	1.93	PC₆₁BM	0.96	8.3	59.7	4.75	^[116]
PyCNTAZ	1.84	–5.67	–3.83	1.84	PC₆₁BM	0.96	14.1	62.0	8.37	^[116]
CNTAZ	1.77	–5.73	–3.96	1.77	PC₆₁BM	1.03	9.0	59.9	5.53	^[116]
PfBTAZT-H	1.82	–5.27	–3.45	1.82	BTA3	0.99	11.6	58.0	6.65	^[117]
PfBTAZT-F	1.79	–5.37	–3.58	1.79	BTA3	1.05	11.8	62.0	7.69	^[117]
PfBTAZT-Cl	1.85	–5.44	–3.59	1.85	BTA3	1.20	11.1	60.0	8.00	^[117]
P32	1.68	–5.32	–3.64	1.68	IHIC	0.77	17.4	64.4	8.59	^[118]
P33	1.79	–5.24	–3.46	1.78	IHIC	0.77	15.2	56.6	6.63	^[118]

Donor	Optical and electrochemical property				Photovoltaic characteristics of corresponding OSCs device					Ref.
Donor	E_g^opt^a/eV	HOMO/eV	LUMO/eV	E_g^ec^b/ eV	Acceptor	V_oc/V	J_sc/ (mA•cm^-2)	FF/%	PCE/%	Ref.
PF-TZBTTT	1.33	–5.16	–3.83	1.33	PC₇₁BM	0.65	6.9	44.0	2.56	^[100]
PCZ-TZBTTT	1.35	–5.18	–3.83	1.35	PC₇₁BM	0.70	8.5	41.0	3.17	^[100]
P1	0.96	–5.12	–4.16	0.96	PC₆₁BM	0.51	0.5	32.0	0.10	^[101]
P2	1.00	–5.04	–4.04	1.00	PC₆₁BM	0.38	1.7	43.0	0.40	^[101]
P3	1.10	–5.13	–4.03	1.10	PC₆₁BM	0.62	0.9	32.0	0.25	^[101]
P1	1.90	–5.21	–3.31	1.90	PC₇₁BM	0.88	7.4	51.0	3.35	^[102]
P2	1.93	–5.23	–3.30	1.93	PC₇₁BM	0.92	11.7	65.0	7.11	^[102]
P3	1.90	–5.21	–3.31	1.90	PC₇₁BM	0.84	3.6	49.0	1.50	^[102]
P1	1.80	–5.15	–3.35	1.80	PC₆₁BM	0.83	5.5	56.1	2.58	^[103]
P2	1.81	–4.95	–3.14	1.81	PC₆₁BM	0.52	6.7	53.2	1.84	^[103]
PBDTS-TZNT	1.99	–5.39	–3.30	2.09	ITIC	0.94	16.9	65.7	10.45	^[104]
PBDTS-TZNT	1.99	–5.39	–3.30	2.09	IT-4F	0.88	18.7	68.9	11.31	^[104]
PBDTSF-TZNT	1.97	–5.45	–3.41	2.04	ITIC	0.98	17.6	70.6	12.16	^[104]
PBDTSF-TZNT	1.97	–5.45	–3.41	2.04	IT-4F	0.93	19.2	74.1	13.25	^[104]
PTZBIBDT (PTzBI)	1.81	–5.34	–3.46	1.88	PC₇₁BM	0.87	13.5	74.0	8.63	^[105]
					ITIC	0.87	18.3	64.3	10.24	^[107]
					N2200_HM^c	0.86	14.8	62.2	8.06	^[108]
PTzBI-DT	1.81	–5.39	–3.51	1.88	ITIC	0.91	16.8	61.5	9.43	^[107]
PTzBI-O	1.75	–5.44	–3.44	2.00	N2200	0.86	14.4	63.0	7.91	^[109]
PTzBI-Si	1.78	–5.31	–3.10	2.21	N2200	0.87	15.8	73.8	10.05	^[59]
PTzBI-2FT	2.30	–5.38	–3.08	2.30	ITIC-4F	0.88	18.2	72.6	11.80	^[111]
P2F-EH	1.85	–5.36	–3.04	2.32	ITIC	0.98	12.4	50.5	6.13	^[112]
P2F-EHp	1.85	–5.38	–3.06	2.32	ITIC	1.02	13.0	54.8	7.28	^[112]
					IT-2F	0.89	19.8	68.5	12.11	^[112]
					Y6	0.81	26.7	74.1	16.02	^[113]
P2F-EO	1.85	–5.41	–3.08	2.33	ITIC	1.01	12.7	52.5	6.73	^[112]
PFT-EHp	1.80	–5.38	–3.24	2.14	Y6	0.78	25.3	71.1	14.16	^[114]
PCT-EHp	1.83	–5.46	–3.13	2.33	Y6	0.79	26.1	72.2	15.06	^[114]
PTzBI-pF	2.09	–5.67	–3.58	2.09	Y6	0.80	4.9	36.5	1.4	^[115]
PTzBI-dF	1.72	–5.55	–3.83	1.72	Y6	0.85	26.3	75.5	16.8	^[115]
PrzTAZ	1.93	–5.66	–3.73	1.93	PC₆₁BM	0.96	8.3	59.7	4.75	^[116]
PyCNTAZ	1.84	–5.67	–3.83	1.84	PC₆₁BM	0.96	14.1	62.0	8.37	^[116]
CNTAZ	1.77	–5.73	–3.96	1.77	PC₆₁BM	1.03	9.0	59.9	5.53	^[116]
PfBTAZT-H	1.82	–5.27	–3.45	1.82	BTA3	0.99	11.6	58.0	6.65	^[117]
PfBTAZT-F	1.79	–5.37	–3.58	1.79	BTA3	1.05	11.8	62.0	7.69	^[117]
PfBTAZT-Cl	1.85	–5.44	–3.59	1.85	BTA3	1.20	11.1	60.0	8.00	^[117]
P32	1.68	–5.32	–3.64	1.68	IHIC	0.77	17.4	64.4	8.59	^[118]
P33	1.79	–5.24	–3.46	1.78	IHIC	0.77	15.2	56.6	6.63	^[118]

Acceptor	Optical and electrochemical property				Photovoltaic characteristics of corresponding OSCs device					Ref.
Acceptor	E_g^opt^a/eV	HOMO/eV	LUMO/eV	E_g^ec^b/ eV	Donor	V_oc/V	J_sc/ (mA•cm^-2)	FF/%	PCE/%	Ref.
BTA1	1.85	–5.51	–3.55	1.96	P3HT	1.02	7.3	70.0	5.24	^[127]
BTA1	1.85	–5.51	–3.55	1.96	J61	1.24	5.2	46.7	3.02	^[128]
BTA2	2.00	–5.43	–3.38	1.95	P3HT	1.22	6.2	60.0	4.50	^[128]
BTA2	2.00	–5.43	–3.38	1.95	J61	1.29	0.8	23.8	0.26	^[128]
BTA3	1.76	–5.49	–3.73	1.76	J61	1.15	10.8	66.2	8.25	^[129]
BTA13	1.72	–5.34	–3.62	1.72	J52	1.05	12.7	58.7	7.82	^[75]
					J52-F	1.18	11.6	61.3	8.36	^[75]
					J52-FS	1.24	6.7	46.0	3.84	^[75]
BTA21	2.19	–5.76	–3.56	2.20	P3HT	1.02	5.5	59.0	3.28	^[130]
BTA23	2.15	–5.70	–3.57	2.13	P3HT	0.90	4.0	52.0	1.86	^[130]
BTA27	2.21	–6.08	–3.81	2.27	P3HT	0.60	2.9	36.0	0.62	^[130]
BTA100	2.05	–5.32	–3.23	2.09	P3HT	1.34	1.7	47.0	1.04	^[131]
BTA101	1.88	–5.41	–3.55	1.86	P3HT	1.19	5.3	56.0	3.55	^[131]
BTA103	1.76	–5.37	–3.64	1.73	P3HT	0.94	8.6	66.0	5.31	^[131]
BTA43	1.78	–5.44	–3.47	1.97	P3HT	0.89	10.8	68.0	6.56	^[132]
BTA53	1.68	–5.48	–3.58	1.90	P3HT	0.88	11.6	62.0	6.31	^[132]
BTA4	1.79	–5.50	–3.65	1.85	J52-F	1.21	8.39	55.3	5.61	^[133]
BTA5	1.76	–5.55	–3.71	1.84	J52-F	1.17	13.80	69.8	11.27	^[133]

Acceptor	Optical and electrochemical property				Photovoltaic characteristics of corresponding OSCs device					Ref.
Acceptor	E_g^opt^a/eV	HOMO/eV	LUMO/eV	E_g^ec^b/ eV	Donor	V_oc/V	J_sc/ (mA•cm^-2)	FF/%	PCE/%	Ref.
BTA1	1.85	–5.51	–3.55	1.96	P3HT	1.02	7.3	70.0	5.24	^[127]
BTA1	1.85	–5.51	–3.55	1.96	J61	1.24	5.2	46.7	3.02	^[128]
BTA2	2.00	–5.43	–3.38	1.95	P3HT	1.22	6.2	60.0	4.50	^[128]
BTA2	2.00	–5.43	–3.38	1.95	J61	1.29	0.8	23.8	0.26	^[128]
BTA3	1.76	–5.49	–3.73	1.76	J61	1.15	10.8	66.2	8.25	^[129]
BTA13	1.72	–5.34	–3.62	1.72	J52	1.05	12.7	58.7	7.82	^[75]
					J52-F	1.18	11.6	61.3	8.36	^[75]
					J52-FS	1.24	6.7	46.0	3.84	^[75]
BTA21	2.19	–5.76	–3.56	2.20	P3HT	1.02	5.5	59.0	3.28	^[130]
BTA23	2.15	–5.70	–3.57	2.13	P3HT	0.90	4.0	52.0	1.86	^[130]
BTA27	2.21	–6.08	–3.81	2.27	P3HT	0.60	2.9	36.0	0.62	^[130]
BTA100	2.05	–5.32	–3.23	2.09	P3HT	1.34	1.7	47.0	1.04	^[131]
BTA101	1.88	–5.41	–3.55	1.86	P3HT	1.19	5.3	56.0	3.55	^[131]
BTA103	1.76	–5.37	–3.64	1.73	P3HT	0.94	8.6	66.0	5.31	^[131]
BTA43	1.78	–5.44	–3.47	1.97	P3HT	0.89	10.8	68.0	6.56	^[132]
BTA53	1.68	–5.48	–3.58	1.90	P3HT	0.88	11.6	62.0	6.31	^[132]
BTA4	1.79	–5.50	–3.65	1.85	J52-F	1.21	8.39	55.3	5.61	^[133]
BTA5	1.76	–5.55	–3.71	1.84	J52-F	1.17	13.80	69.8	11.27	^[133]