脉冲电催化的研究进展及性能强化机制
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王金格, 女, 哈尔滨工业大学能源科学与工程学院硕士研究生, 主要研究方向为脉冲电催化合成过氧化氢. |
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周伟, 2019年于哈尔滨工业大学获得博士学位, 期间于2016~2018年受国家留学基金委资助在美国东北大学进行联合培养. 现任哈尔滨工业大学青年拔尖副教授, 博士生导师. 主要致力于低电耗重质碳辅助电解水制氢、脉冲电催化过氧化氢合成及基于羟基自由基的高级氧化技术等研究. 在Appl. Catal. B-environ., J. Mater. Chem. A, Chem. Eng. J., Adv. Mater. Interfaces等学术刊物上发表论文60余篇, 相关研究被引用900余次. 主持国家自然科学基金青年项目、中国博士后基金特别资助项目、中国博士后基金面上项目、黑龙江省博后基金(一等)等多项科研项目. |
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李佳轶, 男, 哈尔滨工业大学能源科学与工程学院硕士研究生, 主要研究方向为木质素辅助电解水制氢. |
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丁雅妮, 女, 博士研究生, 现就读于哈尔滨工业大学能源科学与工程学院. 主要研究方向为脉冲动态电催化、ORR界面能质传递动态调控、杂原子掺杂碳基电催化剂设计及电催化高级氧化技术. 以第一作者及共同作者于Appl. Catal. B-environ., J. Mater. Chem. A, Adv. Mater. Interfaces, Chem. Eng. J.等期刊上发表SCI论文10余篇, 被引用次数300余次. |
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高继慧, 哈尔滨工业大学教授, 教育部创新创业教育指导委员会委员, 获国家技术发明二等奖2项、省部级科技奖励3项; 主持及组织完成国家科技部项目5项、自然科学基金重点项目及面上10余项, 发表学术论文160余篇, 申请及授权国家发明专利60余项. |
收稿日期: 2022-08-03
网络出版日期: 2022-09-19
基金资助
哈尔滨工业大学城市水资源与水环境国家重点实验室开放基金(QG202229)
Recent Advances and Performance Enhancement Mechanisms of Pulsed Electrocatalysis
Received date: 2022-08-03
Online published: 2022-09-19
Supported by
Open Project of State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology(QG202229)
基于电催化的能源转化、化学品合成及污染物降解技术是解决能源与环境问题的重要方式. 一些研究已经证明, 通过简单地施加周期性切换电位的脉冲供电策略, 将会有效提升电催化性能. 本文对脉冲供电策略在电化学高级氧化、电化学二氧化碳还原、有机电合成、电解水制氢等经典电化学体系中的应用及研究进展进行了综述, 并具体分析了其对各类电催化反应性能的强化机制, 这些机制主要包括: 通过周期性更新能斯特扩散层的物质浓度以增强催化活性; 通过动态调控中间体吸附能以提高催化选择性; 通过维持催化剂表面处于非平衡状态, 避免催化剂失活以提高催化剂的稳定性. 最后, 本文展望了脉冲电催化未来所面临的机遇与挑战.
王金格 , 周伟 , 李佳轶 , 丁雅妮 , 高继慧 . 脉冲电催化的研究进展及性能强化机制[J]. 化学学报, 2022 , 80(11) : 1555 -1568 . DOI: 10.6023/A22080342
Due to the excessive exploitation and utilization of fossil fuels, we are faced with severe energy and environmental problems. Therefore, it's significant to develop electrocatalytic energy conversion, chemical synthesis and pollutant degradation technologies. In order to achieve high activity, selectivity and stability of electrocatalytic reactions, researchers have made a lot of efforts in catalyst design, interface microenvironment regulation and reactor structure optimization. In fact, there is still a wide space on the power supply side for the regulation of electrocatalytic system. Although most researchers choose to use potentiostatic or galvanostatic power supply strategy, some studies have proven that the pulsed power supply strategy by implementing altering potential periodically can improve electrocatalytic performance to a great extent. Compared with traditional regulating methods mentioned above, the pulsed electrocatalysis is much simpler, efficient and repeatable because it just needs to modulate the output potential or current mode. In addition, it is more favorable to be coupled with smart energy in the future. Therefore, the pulsed electrocatalysis has broad development prospects. In this review, we summarized the application and recent progress of the pulsed power supply strategy in classical electrocatalytic systems include electrochemical advanced oxidation processes, electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction, organic electrochemical synthesis, hydrogen production through water electrolysis. Besides, we analyzed the enhancement mechanisms of pulsed electrocatalysis. These enhancement mechanisms can be generalized as follows: (1) By updating the concentration of substance in Nernst diffusion layer during the implementation of switching potential periodically, the concentration polarization can be prevented. Thus, the electrocatalytic activity can be enhanced. Besides, some side reactions caused by mass transfer restriction can also be suppressed. (2) Through altering the adsorption energy of the reaction intermediate and adjusting the coverage of intermediate on the catalyst surface under oscillating potential periodically, the electrocatalytic selectivity of target reaction can be increased. Furthermore, because the active site of catalyst can be modulated to alternate between ideal states for adsorption of intermediate and desorption of product, the Sabatier's theoretical limit on static catalytic site may be breached and the turnover frequency (TOF) of the catalyst can increase by several orders of magnitude during the pulsed dynamic electrocatalysis process. (3) The catalyst surface can be kept in a non-equilibrium state to avoid the inactivation caused by excessive oxidation or reduction of active site or the deposition of some toxic substances on the surface of a catalyst. Thus, the electrocatalytic stability will be improved. Besides, the dynamic reconfiguration of catalysts during pulsed electrocatalysis will influence the activity and selectivity of reaction. Finally, we prospect for the challenges and opportunities of pulsed electrocatalysis in the future.
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