对固定化酶的载体进行功能化修饰, 通过改善载体和酶的界面连接可使酶分子在载体表面形成高度有序的二维排列, 从而提高酶的催化活性和操作稳定性. 用柠檬酸修饰的Fe₃O₄磁性纳米粒子(CA-Fe₃O₄)易于磁性分离且表面富含羧基, 可作为一种优良载体通过吸附法固定化氯过氧化物酶(CPO)构筑CPO@CA-Fe₃O₄酶反应器、共固定化CPO和葡萄糖氧化酶(GOx)构筑GOx&CPO@CA-Fe₃O₄级联酶反应器. 将酶反应器应用于催化氧化结晶紫染料的脱色时, 两种酶反应器均显示出良好的催化活性、对底物的亲和性与专一性、热稳定性, 在实际水样中也有良好的应用效果. 与CPO@CA-Fe₃O₄相比, GOx&CPO@CA-Fe₃O₄酶反应器因级联反应中H₂O₂的原位产生而表现出更优异的催化性能.

The interface connection between carrier and enzyme can be improved by functionalizing the carrier of immobilized enzyme. This facilitates the formation of highly ordered two-dimensional arrangement of enzyme molecules on the surface of the carrier, thus improving the catalytic activity and operational stability of the enzymes. The surface of Fe₃O₄ modified with citric acid (CA-Fe₃O₄) is rich in carboxyl groups, which can be used as an excellent carrier due to its magnetic and easy separation characteristics. In this work, the adsorption method was more suitable for constructing enzyme reactors on the carrier of CA-Fe₃O₄, compared with covalent method. The CPO@CA-Fe₃O₄ reactor was constructed to immobilize chloroperoxidase (CPO) and the cascade enzyme reactor of GOx&CPO@CA-Fe₃O₄ was constructed by co-immobilization of CPO and glucose oxidase (GOx). In catalytic reaction, H₂O₂ was used as oxidant for CPO@CA-Fe₃O₄, while for GOx&CPO@CA-Fe₃O₄, the in-situ formation of H₂O₂ was caused by the oxidation of β-D-glucose by GOx. When the molar ratio of CPO to GOx was 3∶4 for immobilization, the effect of the cascade reaction can reach the best. When the enzyme reactors were applied to catalyze the oxidation of the decolorization of crystal violet, both enzyme reactors showed good catalytic activity, affinity and specificity for substrate. The thermal stabilities of the immobilized enzyme reactors were significantly improved. Both the enzyme reactors retained more than 55% of the activity at 70 ℃ for 1 h and more than 60% of the activity at 50 ℃ for 8 h, while the free enzyme was almost completely inactivated under the same reaction conditions. In contrast with CPO@CA-Fe₃O₄, the GOx&CPO@CA-Fe₃O₄ reactor showed better catalytic performance due to the in-situ generation of H₂O₂ in the cascade reaction. And this advantage was particularly reflected in the application of thermal stability and actual water samples. The important application potential has been shown about the immobilization of CPO enzyme reactors on CA-Fe₃O₄ carrier as a catalyst.