1 引言
2 原位生成的NHC-Pd(0)络合物
3 结构明确的NHC-Pd(II)络合物
3.1 烯丙型NHC-Pd络合物
3.2 双核NHC-Pd络合物
3.3 环钯NHC-Pd络合物
3.4 乙酰丙酮型NHC-Pd络合物
3.5 膦配位型NHC-Pd络合物
3.6 氮配位型NHC-Pd络合物
3.6.1 吡啶配位型NHC-Pd络合物
表1 大位阻NHC配体及其Pd络合物的催化性能对比Table 1 Comparison of catalytic performance of large steric hindrance NHC ligands and NHC-Pd complexes |
| 课题组 | 配体 | %Vbura | 催化底物 | 反应条件 | 产率范围 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nolan | IPent | 38.2% | 未活化氯代芳烃 | 庚烷, 75 ℃ | 85%~98%[77] |
| Organ | DiMeIHeptCl | 41.5% | 位阻胺, 芳基氯 | 无溶剂, BCF活化 | 77%~98%[80] |
| 刘丰收 | BIAN-IPent | 40.3% | 杂芳基氯/胺 | 空气, CPME | 82%~99%[128] |
| Szostak | ItOct | 44.7% | 芳基氯 | KOtBu, 120 ℃ | 86%[136] |
| Szostak | IPr# | 44.7% | 芳基氯, 酰胺 | LiHDMS, 80 ℃ | 98%[147] |
| Ananikov | IPr*OMe | 36.5% | 杂芳基氯/胺 | TPEDO, 105 ℃ | 80%~96%[137] |
a “%Vbur” refers to the “Percent Buried Volume”, which is an indicator for measuring the volume occupied by the ligand around the metal center. This parameter takes into account the valence electrons of the ligand that are buried within the metal coordination sphere, and it is a key parameter for quantifying the overall spatial steric hindrance of NHC ligands. |






