1 引言
2 手性金属-有机框架的设计与合成
2.1 手性金属-有机框架的直接合成策略
2.1.1 手性配体构筑的金属-有机框架
2.1.2 非手性配体构筑的手性金属-有机框架
图3 (A) 手性二维金属-有机框架1P和1M中Ni2+离子周围的有机配体排列. (B) 1M和1P的螺旋结构. (C) 1M和1P中Ni2+配位环境的绝对构型. (D) 二维到三维平行互穿结构. 经参考文献[38]许可转载, 版权2025 Wiley-VCHFigure 3 (A) Arrangements of organic ligands around the Ni(II) centers in chiral 2D MOF, 1P and 1M. (B) The helical structure of 1M and 1P. (C) Absolute configurations around Ni(II) centers in the 1M and 1P. (D) Structures of 2D→3D parallel interpenetration. Reprinted with permission from ref. [38], Copyright 2025 Wiley-VCH |
2.1.3 手性缺陷工程构筑的手性金属-有机框架
图4 (A)手性缺陷金属-有机框架合成步骤. (B)四种手性缺陷金属-有机框架的孔径分布和酸碱稳定性. (C)四种手性缺陷金属-有机框架结构示意图. 经参考文献[41]许可转载, 版权2023爱思唯尔出版集团Figure 4 (A) Synthetic route for chiral defective metal-organic frameworks. (B) Pore size distribution and acid-base stability and (C) structures of four schematic diagrams of defective metal-organic frameworks. Reprinted with permission from ref. [41], Copyright 2023 Elsevier Publishing Group |
2.2 后修饰合成的手性金属-有机框架
2.2.1 配位/共价后修饰的手性金属-有机框架
2.2.2 客体后修饰的手性金属-有机框架
3 手性金属-有机框架的应用
3.1 对映选择性传感
3.2 对映异构体分离
3.3 不对称催化反应
图8 (A)配体H4L1和H4L2的分子结构. (B) CMOF-1和CMOF-2的8连接和12连接的Zr6簇. (C) CMOF-1和CMOF-2的3D结构. (D) CMOF-1和CMOF-2的哑铃状空腔. 经参考文献[12]许可转载, 版权2022美国化学学会Figure 8 (A) Molecular structures of H4L1 and H4L2. (B) 8- and 12-connected Zr6 clusters in CMOF-1 and CMOF-2. (C) 3D structures of CMOF-1 and CMOF-2; (D) Dumbbell-like cavities in CMOF-1 and CMOF-2. Reprinted with permission from ref. [12], Copyright 2022 American Chemical Society |
3.4 手性光学应用
图9 通过利用配位键的高可逆性和动态特性, 以及源自动态聚集调节的刺激响应型发光体的特性, 设计并构建具有高度动态聚集态的可溶液加工金属-有机框架系统. 经参考文献[64]许可转载, 版权2025 Wiley-VCHFigure 9 The design and construction of the solution-processable MOF system featuring highly dynamic aggregation states by utilizing the highly reversible and dynamic features of coordination bonding, and the features of stimuli-responsive luminophore originated from dynamic aggregation tuning. Reprinted with permission from ref. [64], Copyright Copyright 2025 Wiley-VCH |



