A practical and environmentally friendly low-dose palladium-catalyzed Suzuki coupling reaction system, utilizing simple oxalyl monoamides as ligands is introduced in this work. The reaction is conducted in a green solvent system composed of ethanol and water in a volume ratio of 1∶2, which not only reduces the environmental impact but also enhances the solubility of the reactants. Even at a low catalyst loading of n(S)/n(C)=70000, this system demonstrates excellent catalytic efficiency, yielding outstanding product yields of up to 98%. This is a substantial improvement over traditional methods that require higher catalyst concentrations. The study demonstrates the broad applicability of this reaction system to a variety of halogenated heteroaryl and aryl boronic acids, which are common substrates in the synthesis of complex molecules and pharmaceuticals. The high and consistent yields from the reactions validate the system's reliability and robustness. This work not only provides a more sustainable approach to Suzuki-Miyaura Cross-Coupling (SMCC) but also broadens the utility of oxalyl monoamide ligands in catalysis, paving the way for further exploration and application in the field of homogeneous catalysis. In summary, the development of this low-dose palladium-catalyzed Suzuki coupling system with oxalyl monoamides as ligands offers a green and efficient alternative for the synthesis of biaryl compounds. The system's versatility and the high yields obtained underscore its potential for broader applications in organic synthesis and catalysis research. This work contributes significantly to the ongoing efforts to develop more sustainable and efficient catalytic processes in chemical synthesis, making it a valuable addition to the field of green chemistry and catalysis.

Key words: Suzuki coupling, amide ligand, aqueous media synthesis, low catalyst loading